[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":168},["ShallowReactive",2],{"artist-wu-dao-zi-50":3},{"artist":4,"artworks":17},{"id":5,"slug":6,"name":7,"dynasty":8,"birthAndDeath":9,"shortDesc":10,"longDesc":11,"coverUrl":12,"tags":13,"workNumber":14,"initial":15,"showCount":16},50,"wu-dao-zi-50","吴道子","唐","约680年—759年","又名道玄，唐代著名画家，画史尊称画圣。汉族，阳翟（今河南禹州）人。约生于公元680年（永隆元年） ，卒于公元758年（乾元元年）前后。少孤贫，年轻时即有画名。曾任兖州瑕丘（今山东滋阳）县尉，不久即辞职。后流落洛阳，从事壁画创作。开元年间以善画被召入宫廷，历任供奉、内教博士、宁王友。曾随张旭、贺知章学习书法，通过观赏公孙大娘舞剑，体会用笔之道。擅佛道、神鬼、人物、山水、鸟兽、草木、楼阁等，尤精于佛道、人物，长于壁画创作。","","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F9ebcef1acb329791e1db6fadd10e7165.jpg",[],11,"W",432,[18,46,67,80,92,104,112,125,139,149,160],{"id":19,"slug":20,"title":21,"dynasty":8,"author":7,"museum":22,"description":23,"tags":24,"thumbUrl":37,"material":38,"size":39,"collection":40,"collections":41,"showCount":42,"zanCount":43,"manualWeight":44,"mainColor":45},223367,"ba-shi-qi-shen-xian-juan-wu-dao-zi-223367","八十七神仙卷","徐悲鸿纪念馆","古时以农业为主，稻生双穗，或稻产丰收，是一种祥瑞，也称之为嘉禾。 画中这一丛稻长得比一般的稻子高大，茎叶茂盛，稻穗饱满沉重，显现出丰收的预兆。在用笔上，除稻穗外，都用花青和赭石以没骨法染画而成。嘉禾顶立在画幅中央，构图非常单纯，主题强烈，有著简朴而新顷之感。 《八十七神仙卷》是我国美术史上极其罕见的经典传世之作，代表了中国古代白描绘画的最高水平，其艺术魅力堪与宋代张择端的《清明上河图》比肩，我国著名画家徐悲鸿认为此卷 “足可颉颃欧洲最高贵名作” 。它栉千年之风，沐五朝之雨，送给今人一份厚重的文化遗产，实在是艺术史上的一个伟大奇迹!\n该卷属于绢本白描人物画卷，长292厘米，画面主体有87位道教人物白描画像，其中有3位带有头光的主神、10名武将、7位男仙、67名金童玉女由画面右端向左端行进。画面没有任何文字。卷尾附有1948年重新装裱时的七段题跋，由前至后为：徐悲鸿跋之一、徐悲鸿跋之二、张大千跋、徐悲鸿跋之三、谢稚柳跋、朱光潜跋、艾克跋及冯至译义、徐悲鸿跋之四，加上题跋装裱全画总长超过10米。年湮世远的绢画，其绢丝已朽败至毫无韧性和筋骨了，往往一个轻巧的动作，甚至是众人的呼吸都有可能对它造成无法挽回的伤害。\n《八十七神仙卷》为一代画圣吴道子的冠世巨作，也是吴道子现世仅存的一部白描绢本。是至今存世屈指可数的中国古代重要艺术瑰宝，代表了中国唐代白描绘画的最高水平。\n因场面之宏大，人物比例结构之精确，神情之华妙，构图之宏伟壮丽，线条之圆润劲健，而被历代画家艺术家奉为圭臬。现保存在徐悲鸿纪念馆，并为镇馆之宝。",[25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36],"高清","国画","书画","长卷","宗教","白描","人物","楼阁","祥云","飘带","仪仗","队列","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F6de302348f3ee25a5f65f77fe3cfccd0.jpg","绢本白描","30x290cm","人物画精选",[40],5500,51,0,"F48FB1",{"id":47,"slug":48,"title":49,"dynasty":8,"author":7,"museum":50,"description":51,"tags":52,"thumbUrl":60,"material":61,"size":62,"collection":11,"collections":63,"showCount":64,"zanCount":65,"manualWeight":44,"mainColor":66},289941,"song-zi-tian-wang-tu-wu-dao-zi-289941","送子天王图","藏地不详","《送子天王图》（又名《天王送子图》、《释迦降生图》）是唐代吴道子根据佛典《瑞应本起经》创作纸本墨笔画，一说宋人摹本。该作现藏于日本大阪市立美术馆。\n全图分为三个部分：第一段描绘一位王者气度的天神端坐中间，两旁是手执笏板的文臣、捧着砚台的仙女，以及仗剑围蛇的武将力士面对一条由二神降伏的巨龙。第二段画的是一个踞坐在石头之上的四臂披发尊神，身后烈焰腾腾。神像形貌诡异，颇具气势，左右两边是手捧瓶炉法器的天女神人。第三段即《释迦牟尼降生图》，内容是印度净饭王的儿子出生的故事。从画面上，可以看到释迦牟尼降生时，他的父亲抱着他到寺庙朝谒见自在天神的情景。\n此图写异域故事，而画中的人、鬼神、兽等却完全加以中国化，当是佛教与中国本土变化至唐日趋融合之势所致。此图意象繁富，以释迦降生为中心，天地诸界情状历历在目，技艺高超，想象奇特，令人神驰目眩。该图着色较淡，近乎白描。",[25,53,26,28,30,54,55,29,56,57,58,59],"名画","人物画","神话","天王","鬼怪","龙","瑞兽","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Ffbca5673da27ce7e942f4cd3b8991436.jpg","未知","Xcm*Xcm",[],629,8,"BDBDBD",{"id":68,"slug":69,"title":21,"dynasty":8,"author":7,"museum":50,"description":70,"tags":71,"thumbUrl":76,"material":61,"size":62,"collection":11,"collections":77,"showCount":78,"zanCount":79,"manualWeight":44,"mainColor":66},230784,"ba-shi-qi-shen-xian-juan-wu-dao-zi-230784","图中以道教故事为题材，描绘了以东华帝君、南极帝君、扶桑大帝为主的八十七位列队行进的神仙，画面纯以线条表现出八十七位神仙出行的宏大场景，形神刻画细致入微。画面笔墨遒劲洒脱，根根线条都表现了无限的生命力，如行云流水，充满韵律感，代表了中国唐代白描绘画的最高水平。",[25,26,27,28,30,31,29,34,72,35,73,74,36,75],"云纹","发髻","服饰","法器","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fbc1df0381ac5212e317d74c385d5f6fe.jpg",[],358,3,{"id":81,"slug":82,"title":83,"dynasty":8,"author":7,"museum":50,"description":84,"tags":85,"thumbUrl":87,"material":11,"size":88,"collection":40,"collections":89,"showCount":90,"zanCount":44,"manualWeight":44,"mainColor":91},221113,"guan-yin-pu-sa-xiang-wu-dao-zi-221113","观音菩萨像","吴道子（约680年—759年），又名道玄，唐代著名画家，画史尊称画圣。汉族，阳翟（今河南禹州）人。约生于公元680年（永隆元年） ，卒于公元758年（乾元元年）前后。少孤贫，年轻时即有画名。曾任兖州瑕丘（今山东滋阳）县尉，不久即辞职。后流落洛阳，从事壁画创作。开元年间以善画被召入宫廷，历任供奉、内教博士、宁王友。曾随张旭、贺知章学习书法，通过观赏公孙大娘舞剑，体会用笔之道。擅佛道、神鬼、人物、山水、鸟兽、草木、楼阁等，尤精于佛道、人物，长于壁画创作。",[26,27,30,29,31,86],"唐代","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fdab452937c56ebab3c3994f7c7a8a10c.jpg","80x32cm",[40],281,"795548",{"id":93,"slug":94,"title":95,"dynasty":8,"author":7,"museum":96,"description":97,"tags":98,"thumbUrl":12,"material":11,"size":11,"collection":40,"collections":101,"showCount":102,"zanCount":44,"manualWeight":44,"mainColor":103},221111,"xian-shi-kong-zi-xing-jiao-xiang-wu-dao-zi-221111","先师孔子行教像","原作佚失","中国古代绘制的各种形式和风格的孔子像存世较多，但真正被广泛认可和接受的是现存于山东曲阜孔庙的石刻本《孔子行教像》，一般认为该石刻本原作为唐代著名画家吴道子所绘，但原作早已不幸遗失。",[53,26,27,30,31,99,100],"拓本","书法",[40],246,"37474F",{"id":105,"slug":106,"title":107,"dynasty":8,"author":7,"museum":22,"description":23,"tags":108,"thumbUrl":109,"material":38,"size":39,"collection":11,"collections":110,"showCount":111,"zanCount":79,"manualWeight":44,"mainColor":66},223368,"ba-shi-qi-shen-xian-juan-hua-xin-wu-dao-zi-223368","八十七神仙卷画芯",[25,26,53,27,28,30,29,31],"https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F36123b58a75f5a7d01e9b779c4e2af7b.jpg",[],200,{"id":113,"slug":114,"title":115,"dynasty":8,"author":7,"museum":50,"description":84,"tags":116,"thumbUrl":119,"material":120,"size":121,"collection":40,"collections":122,"showCount":123,"zanCount":124,"manualWeight":44,"mainColor":91},221112,"xie-yi-guan-yin-xiang-wu-dao-zi-221112","写意观音像",[26,29,31,30,99,117,118],"立轴","吴带当风","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F76df8acb5d86ef3de96d8dfef46cb63e.jpg","拓片","68x31厘米",[40],176,1,{"id":126,"slug":127,"title":128,"dynasty":8,"author":7,"museum":50,"description":129,"tags":130,"thumbUrl":134,"material":135,"size":136,"collection":11,"collections":137,"showCount":138,"zanCount":124,"manualWeight":44,"mainColor":103},232270,"luo-han-tu-zhou-wu-dao-zi-232270","罗汉图轴","吴道子又名道玄，被后人称为“画圣”，开元年间以善画被召入宫廷，擅佛道、神鬼、人物、山水、鸟兽、草木、楼阁等，尤精于佛道、人物，长于壁画创作。存世作品有《送子天王图》，《八十七神仙卷》，《罗汉图立轴》等。",[25,53,26,27,117,29,31,30,131,132,133],"设色","树","岩石","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fce47e1d86e72735b929b272c4c741b4c.jpg","绢本","148.4x76.6厘米",[],107,{"id":140,"slug":141,"title":107,"dynasty":8,"author":7,"museum":142,"description":143,"tags":144,"thumbUrl":145,"material":135,"size":146,"collection":11,"collections":147,"showCount":148,"zanCount":44,"manualWeight":44,"mainColor":91},232268,"ba-shi-qi-shen-xian-juan-hua-xin-wu-dao-zi-232268","私人收藏","吴道子勤奋好学，天资过人，借鉴古法，画技创新，打破沿袭顾恺之的游丝描，开创兰叶描，把复杂的物体形态凹凸面、阴阳面，归纳为不可再减的“线”，画出物体的线条性格，探索线条变化规律，力求每条线符合造型传神的要求，《八十七神仙卷》就是这样一幅充满线条美妙韵律的千古神作。\n《八十七神仙卷》是描绘八十七位仙人去朝拜元始天尊场景，画面人物描绘夸张，帝王高大魁梧，神圣威严，面相和蔼，头罩光环，构图以帝王为中心分布聚集，左右端是身披铠甲的护将武士，须发如生，毛根出肉，怒目圆睁，握拳拔剑。最为引人注目是出尘脱俗，如花似玉，明艳动人，顾盼生姿的数十位仙女，吹奏打板，抚琴托盘，捧花献果，举旗摇幡，长裙肥袖，满壁风动，发髻头饰，高耸光鲜，神态自若，形象各异。\n《八十七神仙卷》画面阵容恢弘，排布随意，主角突出，层次分明，人物神情丰富，形态举止自然，写实与艺术夸张手法结合并用，线条流畅如水，舞动飘逸如风，瑞气喷涌如云，天堂景致如虹，是一幅匠心独运神来之笔，画苑冠冕千古名作\n《八十七神仙卷》帝王天仙、武将文官等男士仙人造像，这些神仙人物以凡间人物为创作原形。《八十七神仙卷》是一幅道教画，道教是惟一在中国本土发育的宗教，由先秦道家思想演化而来，尊老子为道祖，奉老子著作《道德经》为主要经典，信仰尊道贵德，认为道是产生天地万物的本源，人和万物由道生、由德育，道可以修得升天成仙，长生不死。道教神仙众多，既有来源于中国古代神话人物，又有历朝褒奖、社会崇拜的真人，成为凡界修道成仙的范例，形成庞大繁杂的神仙谱系。道教神仙故有凡间人物化身，有以普通人面貌隐迹凡世。\n《八十七神仙卷》仙女众多，仙女的形象、发髻、头饰、衣衫及手持晋献花篮、托盘、果品，吹奏器乐、举旗打幡等，构成仙女喜乐，花枝招展，祥云缥缈，众神欢颜的天堂盛景，画卷中各式仙女造型是研究唐风民俗的珍贵资料\n仙女发饰，呈现出奇异多彩，令人眼花缭乱，一千多年前古代妇女发艺，放在当代也是时尚造型，媲美现代科技手段的发艺打理，由此可见作者对大唐皇室贵族妇女梳妆研究充分，观察细致，作者的社会生活见识广泛，发艺素材积累深厚，创作随心所欲，绘画信手拈来，塑造出一群貌美如花形象鲜活的天堂仙女。\n吴道子身处唐朝中期，是大唐历史最辉煌时代，史称“开元盛世”或“开元之治”，社会经济空前繁荣，国力空前强盛，人口大幅度增长，商业发达，城市繁华，上流社会时尚流行奢靡之风，来自波斯的西域工匠，带来金银珠宝与精湛加工技艺，把大唐金饰制品与华贵头饰，从皇室走出成为富豪贵族的奢侈配置。\n唐代画家周昉、张萱、王贞白等民间仕女画的片段，发式造型相似画卷中仙女，但没有佩戴耀目华贵的头饰，华贵头饰显然不属于普通妇女。在吴道子笔下仙女，不仅发型发饰具有大唐韵味，而且体现唐代崇尚妇女身形微胖的审美观念，仙女们个个脸型圆润，体态丰腴，气质雍容，超凡脱俗。\n《八十七神仙卷》服饰与纹样局部，白描有条不紊，构图复杂繁密，铁线萦绕，丝丝入扣，显示了绘画的精细功力，把仙人衣着刻画的风舞飘动，牵之欲出。唐代服饰是以社会经济发达为基础，纺织、印染技术达到了历史巅峰，为服饰文化提供了物质条件。唐代服饰具有多样性、开放性、奢华性的特点，多样性表现为融合多民族文化与中外文化的款式设计；开放性体现在造型样式方面如衣裙、肩披、围腰的“粉胸半掩疑暗雪”的装扮，图16即是唐代画家张萱《捣练图》中女性服饰图样；奢华性是服饰的绚丽多彩与华贵配饰及梳妆相搭，唐诗“眉黛夺得萱草色 红裙妒杀石榴花”，就是对唐代仕女及服饰的美艳写照。\n吴道子把唐代服饰风貌搬上《八十七神仙卷》，尤其衣衫纹样画法，线条密集、画迹流畅、繁杂有序、柔韧雄放、粗细相间、交织如网、鲜活灵动、造型夸张的笔法，后世称为“吴家样”，对衣饰飘舞形象称为“吴带当风”画法，表现了后人对吴道子超凡画技与与作品魅力的敬仰崇拜。\n唐朝从“贞观之治”到“开元之治”期间一百多年，虽有外患内乱但终被平息，国家政治局势基本稳定，经济繁荣昌盛，也是文化艺术发展的最好时代，涌现多位载入史册的文化名人，带领唐朝的文学诗歌、书法绘画、音乐舞蹈等取得了辉煌成就。《八十七神仙卷》仙女群组形象，有取材唐朝宫廷乐舞的身影",[25,26,27,28,30,29,31],"https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F8fa144931d6cc1956dc7dacc5dd4c037.jpg","画芯长800厘米、宽75厘米",[],81,{"id":150,"slug":151,"title":152,"dynasty":8,"author":7,"museum":50,"description":84,"tags":153,"thumbUrl":157,"material":61,"size":62,"collection":11,"collections":158,"showCount":159,"zanCount":44,"manualWeight":44,"mainColor":91},290511,"bao-ji-bin-ga-luo-fo-xiang-wu-dao-zi-290511","宝积宾伽罗佛像",[26,53,27,117,29,131,31,154,155,156],"佛教","佛像","印章","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Ff024de3f0cf5457299698b68bc41684e.jpg",[],76,{"id":161,"slug":162,"title":21,"dynasty":8,"author":7,"museum":50,"description":70,"tags":163,"thumbUrl":165,"material":61,"size":62,"collection":11,"collections":166,"showCount":167,"zanCount":44,"manualWeight":44,"mainColor":66},289986,"ba-shi-qi-shen-xian-juan-wu-dao-zi-289986",[25,53,26,27,28,30,31,29,164],"神仙","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F82ff0a4375f3f773c38c1951165e4cfe.jpg",[],74,1777535621326]