[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":79},["ShallowReactive",2],{"artwork-ge-le-tu-yi-ming-223525":3},{"id":4,"slug":5,"title":6,"dynasty":7,"author":8,"museum":9,"description":10,"tags":11,"thumbUrl":31,"material":32,"size":33,"collection":34,"collections":35,"showCount":36,"zanCount":37,"manualWeight":38,"mainColor":39,"tagLinks":40},223525,"ge-le-tu-yi-ming-223525","歌乐图","宋","佚名","上海博物馆","《歌乐图卷》描绘了南宋宫廷歌乐女伎演奏、排练的场景。画面中九位女伎、一位老乐官和二位女童于庭院中一字排开，手持笛、鼓、排箫、琵琶等多种乐器。画中人物均穿着南宋时期的典型服饰：九位女伎身材修长，穿着红色窄袖背子，高髻上饰以角状配饰；男性乐官佩戴朝天幞头，女童则戴簪花幞头。此卷所绘的人物及场景是南宋社会文化生活的生动写照。\n在技法上，《歌乐图》设色细腻鲜艳，用笔精细而能够随物应形，通过不同的笔法表现不同物象的特定质感，如衣纹流畅、竹叶劲挺、树石沉雄，写实且富于意趣。画面构图疏朗简洁，节奏感强，整体上呈现出相当高的艺术水平。而以歌乐女伎为表现题材的作品在南宋人物画中极为少见，具有相当高的历史、艺术价值。\n画面右侧为一棵棕榈树，树干以淡墨晕染，树叶双钩，并填以石绿色，上层的树叶以树身为轴呈对称状；地面上点缀了几丛花草，草叶以没骨写意法画出，地面上白色的小花以浑点点出；地面局部晕染石青，并勾勒有平行的水平线表现地面质理。画面左侧的配景，靠右边为太湖石和竹丛的组合，地面点缀花草，花草的描绘方式与右侧配景中的花草一致。太湖石的轮廓线比较粗犷、写意，石面以石青晕染，局部施以皴擦表现质理。太湖石后的竹子，竹竿和竹叶双钩，中间几株竹竿以石青晕染。太湖石和后面的竹丛也呈中轴对称状。左边有一段栏杆，栏杆后绘有一棵盛开着白色花朵的树，似为梨树，树干双钩，树身晕染，树叶为瓜子形点叶，白色的花瓣以椭圆形的点进行表现，画面美感十足。\n画中所绘九女子，皆披褙子外衣，此服饰出现于北宋年间，流行于南宋时代。在河南禹县白沙一号北宋墓壁画《伎乐图》，和传世的南宋《瑶台步月图》页中都可见到。此外，女子梳高髻并簪有三朵花状饰物的发式与南宋《瑶台步月图》页和《荷亭儿戏图》页中的女子发式相近。图中另二个女孩装扮官员样，所戴直脚幞头也是宋时官帽样式。另一位手抱琵琶的男艺人，穿圆领窄袖袍衫，戴曲脚幞头，与河北宣化辽墓壁画《散乐图》中的吹乐艺人相同。从此图人物的服饰和幞头考察，有宋制和辽制混合的形迹。",[12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30],"高清","国画","书画","长卷","设色","工笔","人物","美人","孩童","乐器","竹","树","石","栏杆","庭院","服饰","发饰","桌子","棕榈树","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F88da24574fef71de8346deb557e6bfd1.jpg","绢本设色","25.5x158.7厘米","",[],69,2,0,"795548",[41,43,45,47,49,51,53,55,57,59,61,63,65,67,69,71,73,75,77],{"name":12,"slug":42},"gao-qing",{"name":13,"slug":44},"guo-hua",{"name":14,"slug":46},"shu-hua",{"name":15,"slug":48},"chang-juan",{"name":16,"slug":50},"she-se",{"name":17,"slug":52},"gong-bi",{"name":18,"slug":54},"ren-wu",{"name":19,"slug":56},"mei-ren",{"name":20,"slug":58},"hai-tong",{"name":21,"slug":60},"yue-qi",{"name":22,"slug":62},"zhu",{"name":23,"slug":64},"shu",{"name":24,"slug":66},"shi",{"name":25,"slug":68},"lan-gan",{"name":26,"slug":70},"ting-yuan",{"name":27,"slug":72},"fu-shi",{"name":28,"slug":74},"fa-shi",{"name":29,"slug":76},"zhuo-zi",{"name":30,"slug":78},"zong-lv-shu",1777535401222]