[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":59},["ShallowReactive",2],{"artwork-lu-hua-han-yan-tu-wu-zhen-220783":3},{"id":4,"slug":5,"title":6,"dynasty":7,"author":8,"museum":9,"description":10,"tags":11,"thumbUrl":24,"material":25,"size":26,"collection":27,"collections":28,"showCount":30,"zanCount":31,"manualWeight":32,"mainColor":33,"tagLinks":34},220783,"lu-hua-han-yan-tu-wu-zhen-220783","芦花寒雁图","元","吴镇","北京故宫博物院","《芦花寒雁图》是元代画家吴镇创作的一幅绢本墨笔画，现收藏于北京故宫博物院。\n《芦花寒雁图》以平远法绘秋日水滨景色，水面微波荡漾，蒹葭苍苍，一双芦雁振翅飞起，渔父于舟头仰首凝视。画面空灵寒寂，形成了平淡清远的境界。图中以平行置景的手法表现空阔无际的水泊，以浓淡变化的水墨表现远近层次，平中见奇。\n此图中心部分画了一个大的芦苇塘，时已深秋，两岸芦花在随风摆动。塘中画一正在行驶的小船，船头一艄公须髯飘拂，一边划桨，一边昂首望天，他显然听到了寒空雁叫，才把目光转向天空。上部空中，有两只孤雁，正背着小船的方向飞去。\n自屈原《渔父》及《庄子》中的渔父形象在文学作品中出现后，渔父成了清高孤洁、避世脱俗、浪迹江湖的隐士化身。渔父形象的大量出现并形成一种风气是在元代。由于元代在中国历史上是蒙古民族入主中原并统治全中国的朝代，其民族歧视政策使大量文人都采取古典绘画的人文意蕴了不与之合作的态度。在这种社会背景下，渔父清高、避世、逍遥的人生为许多隐退文人所仿效，这其中，吴镇对渔父最为情有独钟。\n吴镇在元至顺元年（公元1330年）所绘的《芦花寒雁图》是其一系列“渔隐”主题作品中的一幅，在画中适当变化了《寒林重汀图》中的构画元素。\n《芦花寒雁图》中双雁起飞，渔父仰首观望，通过细致描绘周边环境，巧妙地把渔父安排于水面一个较突出的位置。 此图画幅不大，却意境深远。画面采用三段式构图，平行的披麻皴。横向铺开，除了渔父和寒雁外，《芦花寒雁图》中的大多物象都能在《寒林重汀图》中找到，可见董源对吴镇的影响。\n此图技法上用柔润的线条勾写物象，笔法灵活，疏简秀逸，自然平淡，苍润华滋，具有文人的书卷气。图中山石、坡地直接用大笔，连扫带染，使得皴笔与渲染的墨色自然地交融在一起。再加以披麻皴，罩一层水墨，略分浓淡，以区分山石的凹凸向背。在水域的处理上，更是用湿笔淡墨层层铺陈。在用墨上，饱蘸水分，将江南湿润的空气流动在画中。",[12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23],"高清","国画","书画","立轴","水墨","皴法","印章","孤舟","蓑笠","芦花","飞鸟","山水","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F9d33051a230060350c9af21019672658.jpg","绢本","纵83.3厘米，横27.8厘米","山水画精选",[27,29],"水墨画精选",90,1,0,"795548",[35,37,39,41,43,45,47,49,51,53,55,57],{"name":12,"slug":36},"gao-qing",{"name":13,"slug":38},"guo-hua",{"name":14,"slug":40},"shu-hua",{"name":15,"slug":42},"li-zhou",{"name":16,"slug":44},"shui-mo",{"name":17,"slug":46},"cun-fa",{"name":18,"slug":48},"yin-zhang",{"name":19,"slug":50},"gu-zhou",{"name":20,"slug":52},"suo-li",{"name":21,"slug":54},"lu-hua",{"name":22,"slug":56},"fei-niao",{"name":23,"slug":58},"shan-shui",1777535398693]