[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":54},["ShallowReactive",2],{"artwork-shui-xie-hua-xuan-tu-yi-ming-289598":3},{"id":4,"slug":5,"title":6,"dynasty":7,"author":8,"museum":9,"description":10,"tags":11,"thumbUrl":23,"material":24,"size":25,"collection":26,"collections":27,"showCount":28,"zanCount":29,"manualWeight":29,"mainColor":30,"tagLinks":31},289598,"shui-xie-hua-xuan-tu-yi-ming-289598","水榭花轩图","宋","佚名","藏地不详","宋代绘画是在中国宋代期间的绘画作品，中国宋朝延续300多年，其绘画在隋唐五代的基础上继续得到发展。民间绘画、宫廷绘画、士大夫绘画各自形成体系，彼此间又互相影响、吸收、渗透，构成宋代绘画丰富多彩的面貌。\n北宋统一消除了封建割据造成的分裂和隔阂，在一段时期内社会保持着相对安定局面，商业手工业迅速发展，城市布局打破坊和市的严格界限，出现空前未有的繁荣。南宋虽然偏安江南，由于物产丰盛的江、浙、湖、广地区都在其境内，大量南迁的北方人和南方人一起共同开发江南，经济、文化都得到继续发展并超过北方。北宋的汴梁（今河南省开封市）、南宋的临安（今浙江省杭州市）等城市商业繁盛，除贵族聚集外，还住有大量的商人、手工业者和市民阶层，城市文化生活空前活跃，绘画的需求量明显增长，绘画的服务对象也有所扩大，为绘画发展和繁荣提供了物质条件和群众基础。\n宋代绘画进入手工业商业行列，与更多的群众建立较为密切的联系。一批技艺精湛的职业画家，将作品作为商品在市场上出售，汴京及临安都有纸画行业。汴京大相国寺每月开放5次庙会，百货云集，其中就有售卖书籍和图画的摊店；南宋临安夜市也有细画扇面、梅竹扇面出售；汴京、临安等地的酒楼也以悬挂字画美化店堂，作为吸引顾客的手段。市民遇有喜庆宴会，所需要的屏风、画帐、书画陈设等都可以租赁。适应年节的需要，岁末时又有门神、钟馗等节令画售卖，为市甚盛。北宋时，汴京善画“照盆孩儿”的画家刘宗道，每创新稿必画出几百幅在市场一次售出，以防别人仿制；专画楼阁建筑的赵楼台；画婴儿的杜孩儿，也在汴京享有盛名。吴兴籍军人燕文贵常到汴京州桥一带卖画。山西绛州杨威，善画村田乐，每有汴京贩画商人买画，他即嘱其如到画院门前去卖，可得高价。社会对绘画的需求和民间职业画家创作的活跃，是推动宋代绘画发展的重要因素。宋代由于手工业的发达，促成了雕版印刷的发展与普及，出现了汴京、临安、平阳、成都、建阳等雕版中心，不少书籍及佛经都附有版画插图，现存宋金雕印的弥勒像、陀罗尼经咒、《佛国禅师文殊指南图赞》、《赵城藏》等，可见其绘刻之精美程度。",[12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22],"名画","国画","扇面","界画","设色","山水","松树","亭","楼阁","水榭","印章","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F0544a4c9562a309cdb32d04dd35347a0.jpg","未知","Xcm*Xcm","",[],6,0,"795548",[32,34,36,38,40,42,44,46,48,50,52],{"name":12,"slug":33},"ming-hua",{"name":13,"slug":35},"guo-hua",{"name":14,"slug":37},"shan-mian",{"name":15,"slug":39},"jie-hua",{"name":16,"slug":41},"she-se",{"name":17,"slug":43},"shan-shui",{"name":18,"slug":45},"song-shu",{"name":19,"slug":47},"ting",{"name":20,"slug":49},"lou-ge",{"name":21,"slug":51},"shui-xie",{"name":22,"slug":53},"yin-zhang",1777535438938]