[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":54},["ShallowReactive",2],{"artwork-si-yang-tu-chen-ju-zhong-221455":3},{"id":4,"slug":5,"title":6,"dynasty":7,"author":8,"museum":9,"description":10,"tags":11,"thumbUrl":22,"material":23,"size":24,"collection":25,"collections":26,"showCount":29,"zanCount":30,"manualWeight":31,"mainColor":32,"tagLinks":33},221455,"si-yang-tu-chen-ju-zhong-221455","四羊图","宋","陈居中","北京故宫博物院","这是南宋画家陈居中创作的一幅极为生动的动物画。在很小的尺幅上，画家选取了一个日常的景象，在村郊野外的小土坡上，牧羊人正在小憩，两只白色的小山羊打闹嬉戏，一只似是占到了便宜，惹得另一只发火地低头撞来，另一只毛色略重的老羊似欲走来制止，又一只则立于土坡之上，沉静地俯视着下面所发生的一切。四只羊的组合仿佛是一个家庭，母亲正在看管着孩子，父亲则高高在上，保持着一家之主的威严，画家将动物之间的情爱描写得十分真实，又富有人世的生活意趣。在置景上力求简单明快，土坡只以墨笔勾出轮廓，略加擦染，几株小草与荆棘也安排得很疏阔，画面左上角画一株老干，侧生一棵新枝。画家亦注重细节的刻画，如立于树干上的两只小山雀，俯首观看，形态生动。全图无论是写物、写景，皆突出了一个“动”字，生活气息极为浓厚。\n图中山羊的形态描绘准确，体现了画家深厚的写生功底，如小山羊跳跃、抵撞的姿态，老山羊前蹄收缩、双耳上竖的细部动作，甚至翻转的双角，均表现得一丝不苟，体现了宋代院体绘画精工细致、刻划入微的风格特征。全图毫无板滞之气，画家抓住表现对象的主要特征，舍弃琐碎的细节，运用不多的笔墨和写意的手法追求言简意赅的艺术效果。\n此画在构图上受时代流风的影响，采用南宋院体山水的边角式布局法。画面以斜对角式区分，左下部分为全部景物，右上部分则全部留白，将所要表现的物体加以集中，使狭小的尺幅产生一定的空间感，虚实对比更加鲜明，以此增强画面的吸引力。\n在中国古代文字中，“羊”字与“祥”、“阳”相通，“吉祥”在古文中就写作“吉羊”；又《易经》中谓每年正月卦象为三阳在下，三阴在上，故古人称每年正月为三阳开泰之时，此成语也就成了常用的吉祥语。这幅画表现的四羊即寓意三阳在下，一阳在上，反映了祈盼吉祥如意的美好愿望。\n陈居中最擅长人马画，但对动物写生一类题材也很热衷，并刻画得细致生动，这幅带有吉祥寓意的《四羊图》页即代表了他在这一方面的艺术水平。",[12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21],"高清","国画","名画","工笔","设色","羊","兽","枯树","孤石","印章","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F231d6d11c8c4a722dd36f131bc7896c2.jpg","绢本，设色","纵22.5厘米，横24厘米","宋画精选",[25,27,28],"花鸟画精选","设色画精选",90,1,0,"795548",[34,36,38,40,42,44,46,48,50,52],{"name":12,"slug":35},"gao-qing",{"name":13,"slug":37},"guo-hua",{"name":14,"slug":39},"ming-hua",{"name":15,"slug":41},"gong-bi",{"name":16,"slug":43},"she-se",{"name":17,"slug":45},"yang",{"name":18,"slug":47},"shou",{"name":19,"slug":49},"ku-shu",{"name":20,"slug":51},"gu-shi",{"name":21,"slug":53},"yin-zhang",1777535398686]