[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":59},["ShallowReactive",2],{"artwork-song-mo-ben-chuan-lie-nv-ren-zhi-tu-juan-gu-kai-zhi-227037":3},{"id":4,"slug":5,"title":6,"dynasty":7,"author":8,"museum":9,"description":10,"tags":11,"thumbUrl":25,"material":26,"size":26,"collection":26,"collections":27,"showCount":28,"zanCount":29,"manualWeight":30,"mainColor":31,"tagLinks":32},227037,"song-mo-ben-chuan-lie-nv-ren-zhi-tu-juan-gu-kai-zhi-227037","宋摹本 传 列女仁智图卷","晋","顾恺之","藏地不详","《列女仁智图》卷，绢本，墨笔淡着色，纵25.8厘米，横417.8厘米。\n《列女仁智图》卷旧传东晋顾恺之作，此为南宋人摹本。\n汉成帝沉湎于酒色，宠信赵飞燕姐妹，朝政大权旁落于外戚手中，危及刘氏政权。楚元王四世孙光禄大夫刘向（前77－前6年）针对这一情况，采摘自古以来诗书上所记载的贤妃、贞妇、宠姬等资料，编辑成《列女传》一书呈送汉成帝，希望他从中吸取经验教训，以维护刘氏政权。全书按妇女的封建行为道德准则和给国家带来的治、乱后果，分为母仪、贤明、仁智、贞顺、节义、辩通、孽嬖七卷，此即其中“仁智卷”部分。\n仁智卷共收集15个列女故事。此卷为残本，其中“楚武邓曼”、“许穆夫人”、“曹僖氏妻”、“孙叔敖母”、“晋伯宗妻”、“灵公夫人”、“晋羊叔姬”7个故事保存完整。“齐灵仲子”、“晋范氏母”、“鲁漆室女”3个故事只存一半，其余5个故事则全丢失，又错将“鲁漆室女”之右半与“晋范氏母”之左半拼接在一起，使人误以为是一个故事。\n此卷多处保存了汉代的衣冠制度，如男子头戴进贤冠，身着曲线大袖袍，腰结绶带并配挂长剑；女子梳着垂髾髻，身着深衣，特别是眉毛涂以朱色，是模仿赵昭仪的新妆，这些都表现了特定时期的风俗和时尚。又蘧伯玉所乘坐的马车称“轺车”，亦为汉代形制，描绘得非常细致而无错误，这些都可以从大量出土的汉代画像石、砖和壁画中找到与之相应的图象。\n在北魏司马金龙墓出土的漆屏风画《列女古贤图》中，表现卫灵公与夫人夜坐闻马车声的一段，与此卷所表现的同一内容相比较，无论是构图布局还是人物的姿态手势都非常近似，可以证实其与《列女仁智图》同出自一个古本。而在传摩过程中，后者更为忠实于古本原作。\n据《汉书》记载，刘向在向汉成帝呈送《列女传》的同时，还呈送了《列女颂图》，并画为屏风。汉成帝的班婕妤失宠后，在她的诗中曾谈到在宫内看到《列女图》，并以此来鉴戒自己。这些都载在班固所著的《汉书》中。东汉时代的画像石、砖中，有不少表现列女故事的题材。画史并载蔡邕曾创作有《小列女图》。这一时期《列女图》的大量出现，既是出于宫廷政治斗争的需要，同时也是为了在社会上广泛推行妇女的道德教育，借以维护封建秩序。\n根据《列女仁智图》中保存有较多的汉代风俗，以及其构图形式的古朴，推测此卷的原本应当出自于东汉时代，而祖本则为刘向所创。剔除后世在反复传摹中所附加的痕迹，仍然能透视二千年前汉代宫廷绘画的艺术光辉。其人物线条粗犷流畅，造型准确。特别是对妇女的描绘，体态轻盈，婀娜多姿，尤为绝妙。构图布局则与汉画像石一脉相承。《列女传》及《列女仁智图》在宋代有多本，此是被保留下来的惟一的一本，尤为珍贵。",[12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24],"高清","名画","国画","书画","长卷","白描","临摹","人物","马","车","印章","书法","衣帽","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F60eb1ec8833db63938ad3a1ecbc21f2e.jpg","",[],175,4,0,"795548",[33,35,37,39,41,43,45,47,49,51,53,55,57],{"name":12,"slug":34},"gao-qing",{"name":13,"slug":36},"ming-hua",{"name":14,"slug":38},"guo-hua",{"name":15,"slug":40},"shu-hua",{"name":16,"slug":42},"chang-juan",{"name":17,"slug":44},"bai-miao",{"name":18,"slug":46},"lin-mo",{"name":19,"slug":48},"ren-wu",{"name":20,"slug":50},"ma",{"name":21,"slug":52},"che",{"name":22,"slug":54},"yin-zhang",{"name":23,"slug":56},"shu-fa",{"name":24,"slug":58},"yi-mao",1777535395202]