[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":75},["ShallowReactive",2],{"artwork-wu-zhu-xi-tang-tu-ye-xia-gui-234035":3},{"id":4,"slug":5,"title":6,"dynasty":7,"author":8,"museum":9,"description":10,"tags":11,"thumbUrl":30,"material":31,"size":32,"collection":33,"collections":34,"showCount":35,"zanCount":36,"manualWeight":36,"mainColor":37,"tagLinks":38},234035,"wu-zhu-xi-tang-tu-ye-xia-gui-234035","梧竹溪堂图页","宋","夏圭","北京故宫博物院","此画设色画修竹、梧桐、茅屋、远山。这是一幅近似正方构图的小品山水画面。画中主要突出近景，近景描绘细致而写真，远景则粗淡而画虚，又是一幅虚实结合的山水风景画。近景是高大而扭曲的夹叶梧桐树，及挺立而柔姿的翠竹，在微风中摆动，互相交映，茅屋及草堂在树荫下显露。在这幽静的环境里，一位隐士在草堂中，面对高山溪水观景赋诗，敞开胸怀，歌颂大自然的美景。在茅屋与草堂前有护栏同着的院庭，主人在庭院里闲散时，可以听到溪水潺潺声，树叶的沙沙声，以及远处山风的呼啸声，同时可以怀诗朗颂；远景朦胧中有山峰映显，是山溪水的升腾，使山峰尤如在云雾中飘移。这水声、风声及诗人在山水问的朗渎声，可以组成人间大自然美好交响乐章，这就是夏圭山水中的具笔墨淋漓、云烟变态，饶有士大夫风骨的画面。\n此画设色画梧桐、修竹、茅屋、远山。构图上采用“一角”画法。画竹、树疏朗简洁，布局巧妙。全画笔法苍老劲健，下笔疾速果断。画中茅屋随手勾出，显得严谨而活泼。整幅画面层次鲜明，用浓墨写近景，再用淡墨画栏杆，远山则用花青略加渲染，使画面产生了强烈的空间感。\n构图上采用所谓“一角”、“半边”之法，主要景色都集中在画面下部，左侧取其大自然中真实一角，与右旁渺无人烟的画面，只有山影在茫茫的雾气中浮动，构成了意境深远的山水画。所画竹、树疏朗简洁，布局巧妙，作者以粗笔浓墨勾出梧桐树干及叶丛，用中锋画竹竿，以楷书写竹叶，堂宇、栏杆画得破有成规，近处山石棱焦清晰，并有青苔点簇，树林中蕴现的秀石以浅墨勾出，又以淡水墨染之，与装饰性的梧竹，形成色差的对比。画中茅屋，不用界尺，随手勾出，显得严谨而活泼。远远的山形与天色几乎相混，只见有一笔勾之，远山用花青略加渲染，造成的深远景色，只能让观者在意境中识别，这是夏画中的意取胜的展现。在此幅画中，见到了作者较富装饰性的山水画。以自识“夏圭”款二字于左方树干上。\n《梧竹溪堂图》画面简明地分成虚实两块，正是典型的“夏半边”构图。画中树木干枝曲折多弯，亦与马远树法相同。惟其用笔苍润含蓄，不似马远瘦硬刚劲，这大概与夏圭好用秃笔有关。建筑物也是用毛笔信手勾勒出来的，透视、比例都很合理，虽不及马远的界画法工细，却也别有韵味。若再细看，不难看到房柱、栏杆之类建筑构件是以较严谨、沉稳的线条组成，画屋顶茅草的线条则显得疏松、随意，这一细节透露出画家信手勾勒时仍很有分寸。由于画小景物不多，夏圭善用墨色的特点在《梧竹溪堂图》中表现得不是非常充分，然其墨色浓淡相济，足以将画面空间交待得层次分明，使景物密集处也有了几分空灵感。",[12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29],"国画","名画","册","行书","水墨","设色","皴法","山水","竹","梧","堂","小桥","流水","树","石","栏杆","建筑","书法","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fb0eaba403757890198eedd65e6a3143f.jpg","绢本","纵23厘米，横26厘米","",[],20,0,"795548",[39,41,43,45,47,49,51,53,55,57,59,61,63,65,67,69,71,73],{"name":12,"slug":40},"guo-hua",{"name":13,"slug":42},"ming-hua",{"name":14,"slug":44},"ce",{"name":15,"slug":46},"xing-shu",{"name":16,"slug":48},"shui-mo",{"name":17,"slug":50},"she-se",{"name":18,"slug":52},"cun-fa",{"name":19,"slug":54},"shan-shui",{"name":20,"slug":56},"zhu",{"name":21,"slug":58},"wu-1342",{"name":22,"slug":60},"tang-2549",{"name":23,"slug":62},"xiao-qiao",{"name":24,"slug":64},"liu-shui",{"name":25,"slug":66},"shu",{"name":26,"slug":68},"shi",{"name":27,"slug":70},"lan-gan",{"name":28,"slug":72},"jian-zhu",{"name":29,"slug":74},"shu-fa",1777535417843]