[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":38},["ShallowReactive",2],{"artwork-xian-lai-xie-fu-qing-shan-mai-shi-niu-tian-huang-shi-zhang-yi-ming-280578":3},{"id":4,"slug":5,"title":6,"dynasty":7,"author":8,"museum":9,"description":10,"tags":11,"thumbUrl":18,"material":19,"size":20,"collection":21,"collections":22,"showCount":23,"zanCount":23,"manualWeight":23,"mainColor":24,"tagLinks":25},280578,"xian-lai-xie-fu-qing-shan-mai-shi-niu-tian-huang-shi-zhang-yi-ming-280578","“闲来写幅青山卖”狮钮田黄石章","清","佚名","藏地不详","战国时期，主张合纵的名相苏秦佩戴过六国相印。近几年来，出土的文物又把印章的历史向前推进了数百年。也就是说，印章在周朝时就有了。\n传世的古代玺印，多数出于古城废墟、河流和古墓中。有的是战争中战败者流亡时所遗弃，也有在战争中殉职者遗弃在战场上的，而当时的惯例，凡在战场上虏获的印章必须上交，而官吏迁职、死后也须脱解印绶上交。其它有不少如官职连姓名的，以及吉语印、肖形印等一般是殉葬之物，而不是实品。其它在战国时代的陶器和标准量器上，以及有些诸侯国的金币上，都用印章盖上名称和记录上制造工匠的名姓或图记性质的符号，也被流传下来。\n古玺是先秦印章的通称。我们现在所能看到的一般最早的印章大多是战国古玺。印文笔画细如毫发，都出于铸造。白文古玺大多加边栏，或在中间加一竖界格，文字有铸有凿。官玺的印文内容有“司马”、“司徒”等名称外，还有各种不规则的形状，内容还刻有吉语和生动的物图案。朱文古玺大多加边栏，或在中间加一竖界格，文字有铸有凿。\n古印章和书画一样，崇尚名人效应，讲究技艺水准。一般来说，篆刻作者以及印章属主的名气大小、地位高低和作品的价值成正比。但古印章和字画、陶瓷等热门品种又有所不同。由于藏家、行家相对较少，认知能力跟不上，以至于鉴定难度加大，认可上更挑剔、更严格。因此，对于名人作品的收藏或投资，一定要慎之又慎。即不仅要真，还要真得“好”、“精”、“开门”。要注意鉴别旧仿以及改刻、添款之作。\n古印章大多都有钮饰工艺，而钮工的精粗与否将直接影响到古印章的价值。钮饰雕琢奇巧、精致传神，薄意浮雕水平高超的，附加值亦随之提升。\n古印章的石材产地多，仅寿山、青田、昌化三地就有数百种之多，其质地高下、优劣参差不齐。一般来说，衡量石质有三点：一是直观颜色漂亮明艳、亮丽抢眼；二是质感好，即符合“细、腻、温、润、结、凝”之“六德”；三是产量稀少、外貌特殊，如上品母黄、芙蓉、封门、鸡血等名品。",[12,13,14,15,16,17],"印章","篆刻","玉石","田黄石","狮","雕刻","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fce4506752c7a3a95202ea9a03cafb01b.jpg","未知","Xcm*Xcm","",[],0,"795548",[26,28,30,32,34,36],{"name":12,"slug":27},"yin-zhang",{"name":13,"slug":29},"zhuan-ke",{"name":14,"slug":31},"yu-shi",{"name":15,"slug":33},"tian-huang-shi",{"name":16,"slug":35},"shi-2099",{"name":17,"slug":37},"diao-ke",1777535509201]