[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":59},["ShallowReactive",2],{"artwork-xue-tan-shuang-lu-tu-ma-yuan-221539":3},{"id":4,"slug":5,"title":6,"dynasty":7,"author":8,"museum":9,"description":10,"tags":11,"thumbUrl":24,"material":25,"size":26,"collection":27,"collections":28,"showCount":31,"zanCount":32,"manualWeight":32,"mainColor":33,"tagLinks":34},221539,"xue-tan-shuang-lu-tu-ma-yuan-221539","雪滩双鹭图","宋","马远","台北故宫博物院","此图描绘雪后郊野水滨的景色。全图用笔苍劲有力，景物及白鹭皆以粗笔写出，不加刻意修饰却十分形象，白鹭的神态较为生动。全图构图严谨、造型生动、诗意盎然，为马远画中精品。\n画面以雪景为背景，从左侧伸出的带有积雪的树枝，向下弯曲后转向右上伸长，横斜曲折极富变化。左侧及下部的山石，以带水的墨笔作大斧劈皴画出方硬有棱角的“一角”。值得注意的是，整个画面表现出大雪天的寒气逼人、一片宁静，而枝头上两只跳动鸣叫的小鸟，则使之显得静中有动，增添了生机。前景的树枝、山石均以焦墨勾勒，山石后露出的竹叶施以浅色，其余均施以淡淡的水墨，笔墨技法的运用与描写对象的特征及作品意境相适应\n此图为江湖小景，梅枝斜出崖上。梅取折枝，并特别突出远折枝”成为它的突出风貌。图中近景的山石，以浓墨大斧劈勾皴点染， 远的山、水以淡墨勾染， 约略朦胧间自然拉开了空间远近的透视关系。梅树枝干虬曲，俯伸的拖枝一直探向水面，水边的几只鹭， 实际上是作为点缀物。画面境界十分幽远开阔。\n此图远处画雪山，空漯一片，近置溪流，冰棱历历，岸边枯荻老树参差，有数只白鹭闲憩，一样卷缩畏寒，表现了中国画习见的荒寒境界。此图亦体现出马远绘画简而刚的特点，山色溪涧皆在烟色微茫中，树取一枝，石取一角，溪出一湾。简率中透露出清旷之旨。用笔草草，只在写意，如树枝虬曲之态勾勒极为生动。\n此图以特写镜头式描绘双鹭在雪滩上栖息的情景。画中左侧上方画有巨石一角，下方还有奇石曲壁，在巨石与奇石之间伸出曲臂老梅一枝及一簇竹丛；在下边的水塘枯苇中有一对白鹭，一只藏在背风的石边苇子中，披着一身白羽，扭头张望，另一只在枯树干边缩颈御寒，虽然图中未见纷飞的雪花，确从老梅枝上的积雪及芦苇中的几处余雪，可见是雪后的河滩边，融雪更比下雪寒。一对白鹭或以静静栖息越冬，或已疲劳后同到雪滩来休息，在画面的上面有一对山雀在梅枝头，一只在俯首瞰视，一只刚落停枝头，发出喳喳叫声，因此引起苇塘中的白鹭昂首张望。但另一只毫无反映，只顾自己静静的酣睡。\n此图以禽鸟为山水之衬景，是融花鸟于山水及诗境的特殊表现形式。此图实景集中于左边角，崖壁与崎岖的石岸，配合着高悬其上的枯树，形成一个开阔的空间，将雪滩和白鹭涵纳其中，远山简单数笔，用淡墨烘出，空漾一片，写出了严寒的景象。\n此图与其他作品一样，在笔墨的运用上也很成功。作者用硬如曲铁的笔触来画树石，山石用浓墨勾出，以大斧劈及小斧劈画出石质坚硬，老梅枝曲枝有疏有密，又显苍老；芦苇用细笔淡墨画之。尤其对白鹭的描绘，在绢素本色上留白，淡墨轻勾，只有嘴及双腿用浓墨细笔画之，仔细观察羽毛绒绒，神态逼真，而且图中不只是一对可见的白鹭，主要是描写鹭鸟在雪滩上栖息时的静态。在梅枝头上的一对山雀，冬雪之后主要是描写他们在秃梅枝之问飞动栖伫的情况。上下两种鸟的姿态，是动静对比，也是画面上色差的对比。网右下方石际有马远款字。曾经明安桂坡、项元汴藏。",[12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23],"高清","国画","书画","名画","水墨","皴法","留白","雪景","滩涂","鹭鸟","枯树","岩石","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F87344f3b4cf68fea492a2b2e78463c8c.jpg","绢本","纵60厘米，横38厘米","宋画精选",[27,29,30],"花鸟画精选","设色画精选",70,0,"795548",[35,37,39,41,43,45,47,49,51,53,55,57],{"name":12,"slug":36},"gao-qing",{"name":13,"slug":38},"guo-hua",{"name":14,"slug":40},"shu-hua",{"name":15,"slug":42},"ming-hua",{"name":16,"slug":44},"shui-mo",{"name":17,"slug":46},"cun-fa",{"name":18,"slug":48},"liu-bai",{"name":19,"slug":50},"xue-jing",{"name":20,"slug":52},"tan-tu",{"name":21,"slug":54},"lu-niao",{"name":22,"slug":56},"ku-shu",{"name":23,"slug":58},"yan-shi",1777535401123]