[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"artwork-yuan-ming-yuan-tong-ban-hua-lang-shi-ning-230206":3},{"id":4,"slug":5,"title":6,"dynasty":7,"author":8,"museum":9,"description":10,"tags":11,"thumbUrl":27,"material":28,"size":28,"collection":28,"collections":29,"showCount":30,"zanCount":31,"manualWeight":32,"mainColor":33,"tagLinks":34},230206,"yuan-ming-yuan-tong-ban-hua-lang-shi-ning-230206","圆明园铜版画","清","郎世宁","藏地不详","《圆明园铜版画》是清代郎世宁于1724年创作的纸本画，共2开。\n本幅无款印。\n清雍正二年（1724年）， 皇帝决定扩建康熙年间即已开始兴建的 。\n在雍正、乾隆两朝持续不断的大规模扩建中，通晓西洋建筑学的 曾与法国传教士 、 等一起参与园内著名的“西洋楼”的设计和工程督造，并有机会在较长的时间里住在这座东方名园内，为装饰殿堂画了多幅作品，其中既有欧洲风格的油画，也有以欧洲 在平面上表现深远效果的“线法画”。\n虽然郎世宁在圆明园的这些创作由于兵燹的劫难早已湮没无存，但从此册铜版组画中，我们仍然可以看到郎世宁等西洋宫廷画家在宫廷建筑绘画上的高超造诣与成就。\n这组完全西式的铜版组画也成为清代宫廷建筑绘画全新技法的代表作。\n郎世宁（1688—1766年），意大利米兰人，原名朱塞佩·伽斯底里奥内（Giuseppe Castiglione），青年时期受到系统的绘画训练，后来加入了欧洲基督教下属的宗教组织耶稣会，并于1714年（清·康熙五十三年）以传教士的身份离开欧洲来到东方，次年抵达澳门，起汉名郎世宁，继而北上京师，随即于康熙末期进入宫廷供职，开始了他长达数十年的中国宫廷艺术家的生涯。\n郎世宁在清宫廷内为皇帝画了多幅表现当时重大事件的历史画，以及众多的人物肖像、走兽、花鸟画作品，还将欧洲的焦点透视画法介绍到中国，协助中国学者年希尧完成了叙述这一画法的著作《视学》，成为当时东西方文化交流的重要使者。\n1766年7月16日（清乾隆三十一年六月初十日）郎世宁在北京病逝，终年78岁。",[12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26],"铜版画","工笔","界画","中西合璧","楼阁","喷泉","园林","树木","山石","水池","建筑","庭院","雕塑","栏杆","对称布局","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fd2f65b9eb8fabb63e8ae379edc225897.jpg","",[],84,3,0,"BDBDBD",[35,37,39,41,43,45,47,49,51,53,55,57,59,61,63],{"name":12,"slug":36},"tong-ban-hua",{"name":13,"slug":38},"gong-bi",{"name":14,"slug":40},"jie-hua",{"name":15,"slug":42},"zhong-xi-he-bi",{"name":16,"slug":44},"lou-ge",{"name":17,"slug":46},"pen-quan",{"name":18,"slug":48},"yuan-lin",{"name":19,"slug":50},"shu-mu",{"name":20,"slug":52},"shan-shi",{"name":21,"slug":54},"shui-chi",{"name":22,"slug":56},"jian-zhu",{"name":23,"slug":58},"ting-yuan",{"name":24,"slug":60},"diao-su",{"name":25,"slug":62},"lan-gan",{"name":26,"slug":64},"dui-chen-bu-ju",1777535399149]