[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":68},["ShallowReactive",2],{"subject-bai-you-wan":3},{"subject":4,"artworks":13},{"id":5,"slug":6,"name":7,"title":8,"description":9,"coverUrl":10,"showCount":11,"artworkCount":12},10523,"bai-you-wan","白釉碗","白釉碗画高清赏析","精选中国历代白釉碗题材作品，欣赏传统绘画中的笔墨与意境。","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F5ac80fd7338b8e488d2f68229de6eb2f.jpg",0,5,[14,34,46,54,62],{"id":15,"slug":16,"title":17,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":22,"thumbUrl":27,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":31,"showCount":32,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},259924,"xing-yao-bai-you-chun-kou-wan-yi-ming-259924","邢窑白釉唇口碗","唐","佚名","藏地不详","邢窑，是一处隋朝－五代时期的窑场，现存遗址位于河北省邢台市辖内丘、临城两县境内的太行山东麓丘陵和平原地带。据考证，邢窑始烧于北朝，衰于五代，终于元代，唐代时为制瓷业七大名窑之一，也是我国北方最早烧制白瓷的窑场。\n邢窑开创的独特制瓷工艺和先进的烧造技术，同样是我国陶瓷史上的重要里程碑。唐人李肇在《国史补》里写道："内丘白瓷瓯、端溪紫石砚，天下无贵贱通用之"。\n邢窑白瓷产品的出现，改变了中国一向以青瓷为主的局面，结束了自魏晋以来青瓷一统天下的局面，到了唐代，形成规模，使得邢窑与越窑平分秋色，形成了南青北白、相互争妍的两大体系，为唐以后白瓷的崛起和彩瓷的发展奠定了基础。唐三彩的出土使邢窑遗址成为中国第三处烧制唐三彩的窑址，具有重大的保护价值和学术、科研价值。\n白瓷的发展起步较迟，而邢窑白瓷到唐朝中期已非常流行。唐墓出土的白瓷碗，胎土白洁，细如澄泥，釉色明净，据此可以证明邢窑白瓷同样是瓷器中之上品。唐代白瓷除邢窑外其他产地之白瓷质地制工也较优良，江西州窑也是当时白瓷的中心。唐三彩一般为黄、绿、白（蓝），其发展是从汉代单色釉（绿）到北朝的黄釉绿色再到唐三彩。三彩釉陶是一种低温铅釉的彩陶器，色彩绚丽，造型生动，在唐代釉瓷中是一个很特别的品种，俗称“唐三彩”。三彩陶器巧妙利用了釉色的变化达到富丽华美的装饰效果。色釉中蓝彩较罕见。唐三彩的烘造地点主要在长安及洛阳两地，唐三彩造型丰富多彩；有生动传神感人的人物偏和动物偏，还有房屋用器的模型。\n邢窑瓷器的釉色有白、青、黑和褐黄等多种。邢窑白瓷按其胎、釉的质地，可以分为粗、细两大类。\n粗白瓷:\n白瓷的胎质又有粗、细之分，粗胎的一类胎色灰白，胎质粗糙；细胎的一类胎体致密，胎色较淡，但仍不够白，往往施一层白色化妆土。\n粗白瓷的釉质较细，有些还有细碎的纹片，釉色为灰白或乳白色，还有黄白色。\n粗白瓷产量大，生产过程中，不管是捏练还是陈腐都不够充分，白中常泛黄，到五代时部分产品的工艺水平有所提高，胎体中少有气孔夹砂现象，烧不熟的现象已基本克服，渐趋细腻。\n细白瓷:\n细白瓷的胎色纯白，个别的白中闪黄釉质很细，釉层中有微细的小棕眼，器物多施满釉，釉色纯白或白中微泛青色。白釉又有粗细之分，以粗者居多，细者占少数。\n细白瓷在加工工艺上，每个步骤都很讲究，烧成后白度很高。邢窑的精细白瓷，选用优质瓷土烧成，胎质坚实细腻，胎色洁白如雪，釉质莹润，有的薄如蛋壳，透明性能很好。一般器物纯白光亮，有些则白中微微泛青。\n邢窑是镁釉，高温下黏度大，釉面易光滑平整，光泽度好，但釉色有乳浊感，不透明，釉色稳定，多呈白色或白中泛青的色调。这就使乳浊釉对胎体有良好的遮盖性，器物施釉到底，质优者足心也施釉。而当时的定窑产品釉料配置不稳定，就釉而言也分粗细两种，都不够光洁，光泽度差。",[23,24,25,26,7],"陶瓷","器","日用器","饪食器","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fbabe649afd0e86d2a40ca6d3384c23b1.jpg","未知","Xcm*Xcm","瓷器精选",[30],1,"795548",{"id":35,"slug":36,"title":37,"dynasty":38,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":39,"tags":40,"thumbUrl":42,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":43,"collections":44,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":45},261998,"wan-li-kuan-bai-you-wan-yi-ming-261998","万历款白釉碗","明","将不含金属氧化物呈色元素的釉料施于胎骨洁白的器物上，入窑高温烧制而成的透明釉， 釉色因白润瓷胎的映衬而显出白色，现在习惯上将这种透明釉也称为白釉。\n瓷器釉料中的含铁量降低到0.75%以下，施于洁白的瓷胎上，入窑经高温烧制，就会出现白釉。严格地说，白釉是一种无色透明釉，而不是白色的釉 。白釉是瓷器传统釉色之一,真正的白釉应该是乳白色的乳浊釉,这种釉是近代才发明的。我国古代仅有元代枢府釉是失透的,其他白釉并不是白色的釉,\n白釉烧制工艺比青釉复杂，出现的时间也较青釉晚，一般瓷土和釉料，都或多或少含有一些氧化铁，器物烧出后必然呈现出深浅不同的青色来。如果釉料中的铁元素含量小于0.75%，烧出来的就会是白釉。\n白釉最早出现在汉代，比青釉瓷器晚了400多年，白釉瓷器开始是青白色的，因为瓷器中铁的含量高于1%就是青色的，少于1%就是白瓷了，所以中国白瓷经历青瓷、青白瓷、卵白釉、甜白釉、象牙白、白釉的发展过程。中国历史上白瓷产地有德化白瓷、定窑白瓷以及刑窑白瓷等。",[23,41,7,24],"日用具","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F62dc5c0437cdb675228f0f343bc03253.jpg","",[],"BDBDBD",{"id":47,"slug":48,"title":49,"dynasty":38,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":39,"tags":50,"thumbUrl":51,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":43,"collections":52,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":53},260638,"hong-zhi-kuan-bai-you-wan-yi-ming-260638","弘治款白釉碗",[23,41,26,7],"https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fd443fa8badf8399fef20783e419d192e.jpg",[],"37474F",{"id":55,"slug":56,"title":7,"dynasty":57,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":39,"tags":58,"thumbUrl":60,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":43,"collections":61,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":53},259855,"bai-you-wan-yi-ming-259855","清",[23,41,59,7],"饮食器","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F65a873b8d219978f0c36182393e21bf6.jpg",[],{"id":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"dynasty":57,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":39,"tags":66,"thumbUrl":10,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":43,"collections":67,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":53},259249,"qian-long-kuan-bai-you-wan-yi-ming-259249","乾隆款白釉碗",[23,24,41,7],[],1777535756292]