[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":137},["ShallowReactive",2],{"subject-fan-hong":3},{"subject":4,"artworks":13},{"id":5,"slug":6,"name":7,"title":8,"description":9,"coverUrl":10,"showCount":11,"artworkCount":12},10070,"fan-hong","矾红","矾红画高清赏析","精选中国历代矾红题材作品，欣赏传统绘画中的笔墨与意境。","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fc4bc4df58253d8ae4014aee5803ca5a5.jpg",0,12,[14,36,47,55,67,78,89,99,106,112,119,128],{"id":15,"slug":16,"title":17,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":22,"thumbUrl":29,"material":30,"size":31,"collection":32,"collections":33,"showCount":34,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":35},262121,"fan-hong-long-wen-jiu-bei-yi-ming-262121","矾红龙纹酒杯","清","佚名","藏地不详","唐孙位《高逸图》中，酒樽旁托盘内放置杯，侍者手中亦持有杯。可见，唐代杯亦为常见的饮酒器具。因其用于饮酒较之碗更加含蓄、优雅，故文人雅士较为推崇。杜甫诗云“潦倒新停浊酒杯”，杜甫饮用“浊酒”亦用酒杯。\n除普通筒形杯外，唐代较为流行的一种杯式为高足杯，其执拿姿势为用拇指与食指捏住高足杯的杯把。瓷质高足杯唐代以前较少使用，唐代应用明显广泛。唐代的许多中小型墓葬中亦出土瓷质高足杯。说明此杯类已逐渐演变为一种较为常见的日用器具。此种杯式的使用，可能与此时葡萄酒的饮用有关。\n宋代酒质较低时饮酒器具较大，酒质提高，其形制自然缩小。宋代饮酒器具以杯为主。主要的酒杯类型有：圆口杯、花口杯、带把杯、高足杯。\n高足杯为元代典型饮酒器具。其与游牧民族马上饮酒生活习俗相适应。元代高足杯形制多样，有喇叭形、竹节形等。很多资料记载高足杯为蒙古人饮用马奶酒的器具。\n高足杯为直口、深腹。其杯形制与唐宋时候盏类的承载量基本一致，故其用于饮马奶酒是合理的。但元代尚酒，饮酒需求量大，除用于饮用马奶酒之外，高足杯亦可用于蒸馏酒的饮用。\n明朝由于喝茶方式的改变，出现了小茶壶，导致喝茶的盏变得精致小巧，如今天我们所使用的杯子。饮茶的杯子与饮酒的杯子就变得傻傻分不清楚。\n虽然出现了饮茶的杯子，但杯子还是饮酒器的主流。明代杯类形制多样，造型装饰精巧，功能明确。如制作专门用于皇室贵族使用的鸡缸杯、压手杯。\n亦有符合士人情趣的高士杯、菊花杯等。此外，明代高足杯形制多样，此时高足杯形制较小，适合蒸馏酒的饮用。较于元代高足杯，明代高足杯足部外撇，足成长喇叭形，器具稳定性加强。\n明朝以前杯壁较浅，到了清朝，杯壁开始加深，容量增加，有的被已经茶酒共用。18世纪受国外文化影响，杯子已经发展成为今天我们所见到的样子。\n虽然我国饮酒时有温酒的习惯，但酒温不高，而且宋以后开始饮用蒸馏酒，常温就可饮用。杯作为主要的饮酒器，自然不用考虑温度的问题，均是手握酒杯饮用，所以大多没有把。",[23,24,25,26,7,27,28],"陶瓷","饮酒器","龙","龙纹","酒杯","器","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F46be6b128265edf939a62973069e4370.jpg","未知","Xcm*Xcm","",[],2,"BDBDBD",{"id":37,"slug":38,"title":39,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":40,"tags":41,"thumbUrl":45,"material":30,"size":31,"collection":32,"collections":46,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":35},270755,"qing-hua-fan-hong-yun-long-wen-guan-zong-hao-ti-bi-yi-ming-270755","青花矾红云龙纹管鬃毫提笔","青花瓷（blue and white porcelain），又称白地青花瓷，常简称青花，是中国瓷器的主流品种之一，属釉下彩瓷。青花瓷是用含氧化钴的钴矿为原料，在陶瓷坯体上描绘纹饰，再罩上一层透明釉，经高温还原焰一次烧成。钴料烧成后呈蓝色，具有着色力强、发色鲜艳、烧成率高、呈色稳定的特点。原始青花瓷于唐宋已见端倪，成熟的青花瓷则出现在元代景德镇的湖田窑。明代青花成为瓷器的主流。明宣德时发展到了顶峰。明清时期，还创烧了青花五彩、孔雀绿釉青花、豆青釉青花、青花红彩、黄地青花、哥釉青花等衍生品种。",[42,23,43,7,26,44],"笔","青花","文房用具","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Ff90ec2b27ea4156cca70ca0be2b91513.jpg",[],{"id":48,"slug":49,"title":17,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":50,"thumbUrl":52,"material":30,"size":31,"collection":32,"collections":53,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":54},262120,"fan-hong-long-wen-jiu-bei-yi-ming-262120",[23,24,25,7,51,28],"日用具","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F7dafc35b18f470f491b0bf76720fe8f1.jpg",[],"37474F",{"id":56,"slug":57,"title":58,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":59,"tags":60,"thumbUrl":65,"material":30,"size":31,"collection":32,"collections":66,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":54},259489,"guang-xu-kuan-fan-hong-di-ba-bai-zhu-wen-pan-yi-ming-259489","光绪款矾红地拔白竹纹盘","用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等，一般称为“漆器”。生漆是从漆树割取的天然液汁，主要由漆酚、漆酶、树胶质及水分构成。用它作涂料，有耐潮、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特殊功能，又可以配制出不同色漆，光彩照人。在中国，从新石器时代起就认识了漆的性能并用以制器。历经商周直至明清，中国的漆器工艺不断发展，达到了相当高的水平。中国的炝金、描金等工艺品，对日本等地都有深远影响。漆器是中国古代在化学工艺及工艺美术方面的重要发明。\n中国古代漆器的工艺，早在新石器时代就已经出现，夏代的木胎漆器不仅用于日常生活，也用于祭祀，并常用朱、黑二色来髹涂。殷商时代已有“石器雕琢，觞酌刻镂”的漆艺。1973年河南成蒿成台西村商代遗址中出土的漆器残片，在木胎上雕饰饕餮纹，并涂上朱、黑两色的漆。 [2]\n西晋以后到南北朝，由于佛教的盛行，出现利用夹纻工艺所造的大型佛像，此时的漆工艺被用来为宗教信仰服务，夹纻胎漆器也因而发展。所谓的夹纻是以漆灰和麻布造型作为漆胎，胎骨轻巧而坚牢。\n唐代经济发达文化繁荣，种种因素使工艺美术也随之发达，在艺术、技术以及生产上，皆远超过前期。唐朝漆器大放异彩，呈现出华丽的风格，漆器制作技术也往富丽方向发展，金银平脱、螺钿、雕漆等制作费时、价格昂贵的技法在当时极为盛行。\n宋代漆器的制胎和髹饰技艺已经十分成熟，当时不仅官方设有专门生产机构，民间制作漆器也很普遍。漆器所制作的器皿，样式多且富变化，造型简朴，表现出器物结构比例之美。一般而言，宋代漆器以素色静谧为主。\n明代时期的工艺美术跨入新的阶段，官方设厂专制御用的各种漆器，并由著名的漆艺家管理。除了官设的漆器厂外，民间漆器生产也遍及大江南北。明代江南漆器名家辈出﹐明初有张德刚﹐包亮﹐明代中期有方信川，明末有江千里等，并出现集漆器工艺之大成的著作：黄成著，杨明注《髹饰录》。\n髹饰工艺在这时有很大的革新，结合多种传统技法，两种以上的技法作结合，不同的文饰在不同的素地上更换，开创出千文万华的繁荣局面。\n今日中国大陆和台湾，漆器仍是民间工艺的重要组成部份，著名的漆器工艺，包括福州的脱胎漆器，厦门的髹金漆丝漆器，广东晕金漆器，扬州螺钿漆器，稷山螺钿漆器，山西平遥推光漆器，成都银片罩花漆器，安徽屯溪犀皮漆器，北京剔红漆器，台湾南投县黑髹漆器等。",[23,28,51,61,62,63,7,64],"竹","蝙蝠","拔白","盘","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F82134d6e21c50322f3ae6485887d8c46.jpg",[],{"id":68,"slug":69,"title":58,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":59,"tags":70,"thumbUrl":75,"material":30,"size":31,"collection":32,"collections":76,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":77},259488,"guang-xu-kuan-fan-hong-di-ba-bai-zhu-wen-pan-yi-ming-259488",[23,51,71,72,73,74,7],"瓷盘","竹纹","蝙蝠纹","拔白技法","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fd23565d586d95f52577de8c63fb6cb14.jpg",[],"795548",{"id":79,"slug":80,"title":81,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":82,"tags":83,"thumbUrl":87,"material":30,"size":31,"collection":32,"collections":88,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":77},259407,"chang-chun-tong-qing-kuan-fan-hong-di-miao-jin-shuang-xi-zi-wan-yi-ming-259407","长春同庆款矾红地描金双喜字碗","用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等，一般称为“漆器”。生漆是从漆树割取的天然液汁，主要由漆酚、漆酶、树胶质及水分构成。用它作涂料，有耐潮、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特殊功能，又可以配制出不同色漆，光彩照人。在中国，从新石器时代起就认识了漆的性能并用以制器。历经商周直至明清，中国的漆器工艺不断发展，达到了相当高的水平。中国的炝金、描金等工艺品，对日本等地都有深远影响。漆器是中国古代在化学工艺及工艺美术方面的重要发明。",[23,84,51,85,7,86],"饪食器","描金","双喜字","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Ffb8f11f46689ab7574b0f62ef0d831a6.jpg",[],{"id":90,"slug":91,"title":92,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":82,"tags":93,"thumbUrl":97,"material":30,"size":31,"collection":32,"collections":98,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":35},259399,"yan-xi-tong-he-kuan-fan-hong-di-jin-cai-shuang-xi-zi-wan-yi-ming-259399","燕喜同和款矾红地金彩双喜字碗",[23,94,24,95,7,96],"日用器","金彩","喜字","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F6629bdf9309f13e45f54323831c0a4b8.jpg",[],{"id":100,"slug":101,"title":102,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":82,"tags":103,"thumbUrl":104,"material":30,"size":31,"collection":32,"collections":105,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":77},259398,"tong-zhi-kuan-fan-hong-di-miao-jin-xi-zi-wan-yi-ming-259398","同治款矾红地描金“喜”字碗",[23,51,84,85,96,7],"https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F77246f1cfa5c92084018f4a4bdb4a1f0.jpg",[],{"id":107,"slug":108,"title":102,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":82,"tags":109,"thumbUrl":110,"material":30,"size":31,"collection":32,"collections":111,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":77},259397,"tong-zhi-kuan-fan-hong-di-miao-jin-xi-zi-wan-yi-ming-259397",[23,85,96,51,84,7],"https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F3e374c62a76b87f061be048bbf3f92d7.jpg",[],{"id":113,"slug":114,"title":115,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":82,"tags":116,"thumbUrl":117,"material":30,"size":31,"collection":32,"collections":118,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":54},258799,"jia-qing-kuan-fan-hong-di-ba-bai-zhu-wen-wan-yi-ming-258799","嘉庆款矾红地拔白竹纹碗",[23,7,63,61,28],"https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fba898df1ba04b7c02f954e41199ef23d.jpg",[],{"id":120,"slug":121,"title":122,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":123,"tags":124,"thumbUrl":126,"material":30,"size":31,"collection":32,"collections":127,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":54},256713,"fan-hong-di-miao-jin-yun-long-wen-you-chui-ping-yi-ming-256713","矾红地描金云龙纹油棰瓶","陶瓷是陶器与瓷器的统称，同时也是我国的一种工艺美术品，远在新石器时代，我国已有风格粗犷、朴实的彩陶和黑陶。陶与瓷的质地不同，性质各异。陶，是以粘性较高、可塑性较强的粘土为主要原料制成的，不透明、有细微气孔和微弱的吸水性，击之声浊。瓷是以粘土、长石和石英制成，半透明，不吸水、抗腐蚀，胎质坚硬紧密，叩之声脆。我国传统的陶瓷工艺美术品，质高形美，具有高度的艺术价值，闻名于世界。",[23,28,85,7,25,125],"云纹","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F8e6ad1392dc89e179f900a03774a7c54.jpg",[],{"id":129,"slug":130,"title":131,"dynasty":132,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":40,"tags":133,"thumbUrl":10,"material":30,"size":31,"collection":32,"collections":136,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":54},256507,"fan-hong-di-qing-hua-chan-zhi-lian-wen-ping-yi-ming-256507","矾红地青花缠枝莲纹瓶","明",[23,43,7,134,28,135],"缠枝莲","设色",[],1777535731231]