[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":87},["ShallowReactive",2],{"subject-fu-shou-yi":3},{"subject":4,"artworks":13},{"id":5,"slug":6,"name":7,"title":8,"description":9,"coverUrl":10,"showCount":11,"artworkCount":12},12517,"fu-shou-yi","扶手椅","扶手椅画高清赏析","精选中国历代扶手椅题材作品，欣赏传统绘画中的笔墨与意境。","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fecc94684f02d58c764a9aeb43db1e72f.jpg",0,6,[14,33,42,52,63,77],{"id":15,"slug":16,"title":17,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":22,"thumbUrl":10,"material":27,"size":28,"collection":29,"collections":30,"showCount":31,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":32},272733,"hua-li-teng-xin-fu-shou-yi-yi-ming-272733","花梨藤心扶手椅","清","佚名","藏地不详","敦煌285窟壁画就有两人分坐在椅子上的图像；257窟壁画中有坐方凳和交叉腿长凳的妇女；龙门莲花洞石雕中有坐圆凳妇女。这些图像生动地再现了南北朝时期椅、凳在仕宦贵族家庭中的使用情况。尽管当时的坐具已具备了椅子、凳子的形状，但因其时没有椅、凳的称谓，人们还习惯称之为“胡床”，在寺庙内，常用于坐禅，故又称禅床。唐代以后，椅子的使用逐渐增多，椅子的名称也被广泛使用，才从床的品类中分离出来。因此，论及椅、凳的起源，必须从汉魏时经印度传入的胡床谈起。\n唐代以前的“椅”字还有一种解释，作“车旁”讲，即车的围栏。其作用是人乘车时有所依靠。后来的椅子，其形式是在四足支撑的平台上安装围栏，其制当是受车旁围栏的启发，并沿用其名而称这种坐具为“椅子”了。从现存资料看，唐代已有相当讲究的椅子了。\n五代至宋，高型坐具空前普及，椅子的形式也多了起来，出现靠背椅、扶手椅、圈椅等。同时根据尊卑等级的不同，椅子的形制、质料和功能也有所区别。\n五代至两宋时期的家具大体保留着唐代遗风，只是高型家具较前更加普及了。\n椅子非常古老和简单，虽然许多世纪以来，是一个普通使用状态。在早王朝时期，他们用布或皮革、木雕覆盖椅背和椅面，但是覆盖面积均远低于21世纪的椅子，椅面有时仅离地25厘米。在古埃及时代的椅子似乎已经被极大的丰富，老式乌木、象牙雕刻、镀金的木材等都会被使用。它们被覆盖着昂贵的材料，华丽的图案和猎杀的野兽或雕刻着的俘虏数字。一般来说，地位越高的个人，他的椅子就越高越华丽，这是种荣誉的象征。",[23,7,24,25,26],"木质","藤编","家具","雕刻","未知","Xcm*Xcm","",[],1,"BDBDBD",{"id":34,"slug":35,"title":36,"dynasty":37,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":38,"thumbUrl":40,"material":27,"size":28,"collection":29,"collections":41,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":32},274075,"huang-hua-li-tu-xing-liang-jiao-fu-shou-yi-yi-ming-274075","黄花梨凸形亮脚扶手椅","明",[23,7,39,25],"黄花梨","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Febddd4fa8083ea415d9644da43de87e3.jpg",[],{"id":43,"slug":44,"title":45,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":46,"thumbUrl":49,"material":27,"size":28,"collection":29,"collections":50,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":51},273590,"zi-tan-mu-yi-yi-ming-273590","紫檀木椅",[23,25,7,26,47,48],"蝙蝠纹","器物","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fb1d019f65495a5d9e8660985f772192b.jpg",[],"795548",{"id":53,"slug":54,"title":55,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":56,"thumbUrl":61,"material":27,"size":28,"collection":29,"collections":62,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":32},273581,"hei-qi-miao-jin-yi-yi-ming-273581","黑漆描金椅",[57,23,58,59,60,7,25,26],"漆器","描金","山水","楼阁","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F39d3cb93538ada5331e82845fd5f9953.jpg",[],{"id":64,"slug":65,"title":66,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":67,"thumbUrl":75,"material":27,"size":28,"collection":29,"collections":76,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":51},273570,"mu-yang-shi-rong-mian-yi-yi-ming-273570","木洋式绒面椅",[23,68,7,69,70,71,72,26,73,74,25],"布料","梅","竹","松","飞鸟","洋式","花鸟","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fc4787e925e546d2fbb187fe718099abb.jpg",[],{"id":78,"slug":79,"title":80,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":81,"tags":82,"thumbUrl":85,"material":27,"size":28,"collection":29,"collections":86,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":51},273567,"zi-tan-mu-diao-zhu-jie-wen-yi-yi-ming-273567","紫檀木雕竹节纹椅","木雕是雕塑的一种，在我们国家常常被称为“民间工艺”。木雕可以分为立体圆雕、根雕、浮雕三大类。木雕是从木工中分离出来的一个工种，在我们国家的工种分类中为“精细木工”。\n以雕刻材料分类的民间美术品种。一般选用质地细密坚韧，不易变形的树种如楠木、紫檀、樟木、柏木、银杏、沉香、红木、龙眼等。\n木雕是以各种木材及树根为材料进行雕刻，是以传统雕刻工艺中的重要门类。木雕的历史非常悠久，在浙江余姚河姆渡文化遗址就有木雕鱼出土，这是我国木雕史上最早的实物。河南信阳战国大墓出土的木雕镇木兽，湖北云梦汉墓出土的彩雕木佣均为我国早期木雕作品。由于保存的困难，现今很难看到超过千年的木雕作品。\n两宋时期木雕作品较为多见，这时的木雕已采用组织细密的木材为载体进行制作，这就有利于木雕作品的传世。我国的一些庙宇里还保存有宋代的木雕作品。\n元明时由于海外贸易的急速发展，木材种类有所增加，许多由海外进口的硬质木材，是木雕工艺得到长足发展。\n明清期间是木雕艺术的一个辉煌时期，涌现出大量有史可考的名家、艺人及其作品，是古代木雕艺术的一个高峰。\n清末至民国年间由于政府的腐败，国力的衰退，外强的侵略，民不潦生，木雕艺术从此衰落，艺人名家也只能沦为匠人糊口度日。新中国成立后在党和国家的关怀下，民间工艺得到了保护及挖掘，木雕也重新涣发出生命，涌现出一批国家级大师。他们的作品，工艺精湛，秉承传统，立意深远，讴歌时代，体现了大师们立足传统，锐意创新，直抒重获新生的胸怀和报效国家，知遇之恩的深情。\n国家改革开放，经济腾飞，国富民强，党和国家对民间工艺的大力扶持，唤起了民众对传统工艺美术的热爱与追求。逢此盛世，民间工艺美术有了新的飞跃，木雕艺术也不例外。面对实际情况，在全国工艺品展出中，优秀作品的作者年龄偏大，年轻作者寥寥无几。",[23,26,25,83,84,7],"紫檀木","竹节纹","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F571057d12d1b4966c3a7677945419d73.jpg",[],1777535749829]