[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":100},["ShallowReactive",2],{"subject-gua-leng-guan":3},{"subject":4,"artworks":13},{"id":5,"slug":6,"name":7,"title":8,"description":9,"coverUrl":10,"showCount":11,"artworkCount":12},10581,"gua-leng-guan","瓜棱罐","瓜棱罐画高清赏析","精选中国历代瓜棱罐题材作品，欣赏传统绘画中的笔墨与意境。","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fed769da84c6f648d7d3b4b430e4d8ce3.jpg",0,7,[14,35,49,59,70,81,91],{"id":15,"slug":16,"title":17,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":22,"thumbUrl":28,"material":29,"size":30,"collection":31,"collections":32,"showCount":33,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":34},261550,"wu-cai-zhe-zhi-hua-wen-gua-leng-guan-yi-ming-261550","五彩折枝花纹瓜棱罐","清","佚名","藏地不详","此罐造型秀雅，瓜棱弧面柔和温婉，盖顶宝珠小巧雅致，花口盖沿更添柔韵。青花幽蓝沉静，矾红浓妍鲜亮，二者相映成趣，晕染出鲜明灵动的视觉层次。\n\n折枝花卉缠绕罐体，花瓣纹理细腻饱满，将盛放的鲜活姿态凝于瓷上，青花枝蔓错落穿插，疏密有致，衬得红花愈发明媚鲜活，既饱含中式雅致秀润的意蕴，又带着明快华丽的气质，把精巧制瓷工法藏于烂漫花姿里，尽显瓷艺之美。",[23,24,7,25,26,27],"陶瓷","瓷器","五彩","折枝花纹","牡丹","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F49486bfbc61ad9f697feca61df850533.jpg","未知","Xcm*Xcm","",[],3,"BDBDBD",{"id":36,"slug":37,"title":38,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":39,"tags":40,"thumbUrl":45,"material":29,"size":30,"collection":31,"collections":46,"showCount":47,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":48},261631,"cheng-hua-kuan-qing-hua-tuan-feng-wen-gua-leng-guan-yi-ming-261631","成化款青花团凤纹瓜棱罐","青花瓷（blue and white porcelain），又称白地青花瓷，常简称青花，是中国瓷器的主流品种之一，属釉下彩瓷。青花瓷是用含氧化钴的钴矿为原料，在陶瓷坯体上描绘纹饰，再罩上一层透明釉，经高温还原焰一次烧成。钴料烧成后呈蓝色，具有着色力强、发色鲜艳、烧成率高、呈色稳定的特点。原始青花瓷于唐宋已见端倪，成熟的青花瓷则出现在元代景德镇的湖田窑。明代青花成为瓷器的主流。明宣德时发展到了顶峰。明清时期，还创烧了青花五彩、孔雀绿釉青花、豆青釉青花、青花红彩、黄地青花、哥釉青花等衍生品种。",[23,41,42,7,43,44],"青花","团凤纹","凤","器","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fbbfa76faa3e05e464c5f4cc708b9553d.jpg",[],2,"795548",{"id":50,"slug":51,"title":52,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":39,"tags":53,"thumbUrl":56,"material":29,"size":30,"collection":31,"collections":57,"showCount":58,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":34},260407,"qing-hua-tuan-long-feng-wen-gua-leng-guan-yi-ming-260407","青花团龙凤纹瓜棱罐",[23,41,54,43,7,55],"龙","团纹","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Ff73023d9989b788f623a2ea5fa43e289.jpg",[],1,{"id":60,"slug":61,"title":62,"dynasty":63,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":64,"tags":65,"thumbUrl":68,"material":29,"size":30,"collection":31,"collections":69,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":48},260813,"qing-you-gua-leng-xiao-guan-yi-ming-260813","青釉瓜棱小罐","唐","中国瓷器著名传统颜色釉。亦称“青瓷釉”。古代南方青釉，是瓷器最早的颜色釉。\n所谓“青釉”，颜色并不是纯粹的青，有：月白、天青、粉青、梅子青、豆青、豆绿、翠青等，但多少总能泛出一点青绿色。同时，古人往往将青、绿、蓝三种颜色，一统称为“青色”，例如许之衡《饮流斋说瓷》称：“古瓷尚青，凡绿也、蓝也，皆以青括之。”刘子芬《竹园陶说》中也说：“青色一种，常与蓝色相混。雨过天晴，钧窑、元窑之青，皆近蓝色。”“惟千峰翠色、梅子青、豆青、乃为纯青耳。天色本蓝，有时为青。”\n青釉是我国使用最早，延用时间最久，分布最广的一个釉种，它的发明是与我国瓷土矿大都含有一定量的铁矿的现象相一致的。青色也符合我国人民的传统审美情趣。青色与碧玉相若，认为稳重而高雅。浙江、江西、河南等地已出土了不少早至商周时期的原始青釉瓷。六朝至唐宋以越窑为代表的南方青釉瓷；宋到元明的龙泉窑系青瓷；耀州窑、临汝窑、钧窑等宋代北方青瓷；以及明、清以来的景德镇青釉瓷，是青釉发展的几个重要阶段，所谓的宋代“汝、定、官、哥、钧”五大名窑，除定窑外均属青釉瓷。表釉的呈色主要决定于着色氧化物的含铁量与烧成气氛，青釉含铁量一般在1—3%左右，过高会变成黑釉，低了就能烧成白瓷。在还原气氛中烧成。釉色青绿；在氧化气氛中烧成，釉色泛黄。因而陶瓷界所谓的青釉是相对而言的，正如许之衡《饮流斋说瓷》中所说：“古瓷尚青，凡绿也，蓝也，皆以青括之。”",[23,66,67,7],"日用具","青釉","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F560d8f38779266f24e50dd0c02c0b82c.jpg",[],{"id":71,"slug":72,"title":73,"dynasty":74,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":75,"tags":76,"thumbUrl":79,"material":29,"size":30,"collection":31,"collections":80,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":34},260812,"luan-bai-you-gua-leng-guan-yi-ming-260812","卵白釉瓜棱罐","元","将不含金属氧化物呈色元素的釉料施于胎骨洁白的器物上，入窑高温烧制而成的透明釉， 釉色因白润瓷胎的映衬而显出白色，现在习惯上将这种透明釉也称为白釉。\n瓷器釉料中的含铁量降低到0.75%以下，施于洁白的瓷胎上，入窑经高温烧制，就会出现白釉。严格地说，白釉是一种无色透明釉，而不是白色的釉 。白釉是瓷器传统釉色之一,真正的白釉应该是乳白色的乳浊釉,这种釉是近代才发明的。我国古代仅有元代枢府釉是失透的,其他白釉并不是白色的釉,\n白釉烧制工艺比青釉复杂，出现的时间也较青釉晚，一般瓷土和釉料，都或多或少含有一些氧化铁，器物烧出后必然呈现出深浅不同的青色来。如果釉料中的铁元素含量小于0.75%，烧出来的就会是白釉。\n白釉最早出现在汉代，比青釉瓷器晚了400多年，白釉瓷器开始是青白色的，因为瓷器中铁的含量高于1%就是青色的，少于1%就是白瓷了，所以中国白瓷经历青瓷、青白瓷、卵白釉、甜白釉、象牙白、白釉的发展过程。中国历史上白瓷产地有德化白瓷、定窑白瓷以及刑窑白瓷等。",[23,7,77,24,78],"卵白釉","日用器","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F764caee060fd77cce28a38cb8a4fdc79.jpg",[],{"id":82,"slug":83,"title":84,"dynasty":85,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":86,"tags":87,"thumbUrl":88,"material":29,"size":30,"collection":89,"collections":90,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":34},260150,"yao-zhou-yao-qing-you-gua-leng-guan-yi-ming-260150","耀州窑青釉瓜棱罐","宋","耀州窑是中国传统制瓷工艺中的珍品，宋代六大窑系。位于今陕西省铜川市的黄堡镇，唐宋时属耀州治，在唐代就是中国陶瓷烧制的著名产地，宋代更进一步达到鼎盛，成为我国“宋代六大窑系”中的一个窑系。\n耀州窑是北方青瓷的代表。唐代开始烧制黑釉、白釉、青釉、茶叶末釉和白釉绿彩、褐彩、黑彩以及三彩陶器等。宋、金以青瓷为主。北宋是耀州的鼎盛时期，据记载且为朝廷烧造“贡瓷”。金代延续北宋时期继续发展，元代开始转型，走向末落，经明代、清代，终于民国。\n耀州窑始于唐代，北宋末为鼎盛期，宋代六大窑系，终于民国。其窑址位于陕西省铜川市黄堡镇，旧称同官，宋代时属耀州，故名“耀州窑”，包括陈炉镇、立地镇、上店镇及玉华宫等窑在内。是宋代北方民间青瓷的主要产区之一。\n宋代晚期以青瓷为主，胎薄质坚，釉面光洁匀静，色泽青幽，呈半透明状，十分淡雅。装饰有刻花、印花，结构严谨丰满，线条自由流畅。纹饰多满布器内外，种类繁多，有牡丹、菊花、莲花、鱼、鸭、龙凤等，风格粗放健美，生动自然。器形有碗、盘、瓶、罐、壶、香炉、香熏、盏托、注子温碗、钵等。\n耀州窑在宋时北方的青瓷窑场中最负盛名，堪称翘楚。于神宗元丰（1078-1085）至徽宗崇宁（1102-1106）的三十来年间，曾为朝廷烧制贡瓷。其不凡的制瓷技巧和洒脱活泼的风格对当时各地窑场产生了很大影响，得到广泛推广，由此形成了一个自北而南的范围广阔的耀州窑系。耀州窑系以黄堡镇为中心，襄括了河南宜阳窑、宝丰窑、新安城关窑、广东西村窑、广西永福窑、内乡大窑店窑等多个窑场。各窑制品均与铜川窑相似，仅由于所用原料有差别，胎质与釉色也有些微不同。",[23,67,7,44,66],"https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fc758372756513992b4117a8a68f3785f.jpg","瓷器精选",[89],{"id":92,"slug":93,"title":94,"dynasty":85,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":95,"tags":96,"thumbUrl":10,"material":29,"size":30,"collection":31,"collections":99,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":48},259695,"hei-you-gua-leng-guan-yi-ming-259695","黑釉瓜棱罐","宋代是传统制瓷工艺发展史上一个非常繁荣昌盛的时期。现时已发现的古代陶瓷遗址分布于全国170个县。其中有宋代窑址的就有130个县，占总数的75%。\n陶瓷史家通常将宋代陶瓷窑大致概括为6个瓷窑系，它们分别是：北方地区的定窑系、耀州窑系、钧窑系和磁州窑系；南方地区的龙泉青瓷系和景德镇的青白瓷系。这些窑系一方面具有因受其所在地区使用原材料的影响而具有的特殊性，另一方面又有受帝国时代的政治理念、文化习俗、工艺水平制约而具有的共同性。\n从造型的角度分析，宋瓷的器形较之前代更为丰富多彩，几乎包括了人民日常生活用器的大部分：碗、盘、壶、罐、盒、炉、枕、砚与水注等，其中最为多见的是玉壶春瓶。总的说来，民间用瓷的造型大部分是大方朴实、经济耐用；而宫廷用瓷则端庄典雅、雍容华贵。最能反映皇家气派的是哥、官、钧、汝与定窑口烧制的贡瓷，最能体现百姓喜乐的是磁州、耀州窑口烧制的民间瓷品。\n从纹饰上讲，宋瓷的纹饰题材表现手法都极为丰富独特。一般情况下，龙、凤、鹿、鹤、游鱼、花鸟、婴戏、山水景色等常作为主体纹饰而突现在各类器形的显著部位，而回纹、卷枝卷叶纹、云头纹、钱纹、莲瓣纹等多用作边饰间饰，用以辅助主题纹饰。工匠们用刻、划、剔、画和雕塑等不同技法，在器物上把纹样的神情意态与胎体的方圆长短巧妙结合起来，形成审美与实用的统一整体，令人爱不释手。如婴戏纹，或于碗心、或于瓶腹，将肌肤稚嫩，情态活泼的童子置于花丛之中，或一或二，或三五成群，攀树折花，追逐嬉戏，真切动人，生活气息甚为浓厚。",[23,66,7,97,98],"黑釉","双耳",[],1777535744909]