[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":106},["ShallowReactive",2],{"subject-hui-you":3},{"subject":4,"artworks":13},{"id":5,"slug":6,"name":7,"title":8,"description":9,"coverUrl":10,"showCount":11,"artworkCount":12},9836,"hui-you","灰釉","灰釉画高清赏析","精选中国历代灰釉题材作品，欣赏传统绘画中的笔墨与意境。","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F64692f5e134a5f100db39d5ffe5d64e4.jpg",0,8,[14,32,45,56,73,81,89,96],{"id":15,"slug":16,"title":17,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":22,"thumbUrl":10,"material":26,"size":27,"collection":28,"collections":29,"showCount":30,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":31},254524,"qiong-yao-hui-you-niao-yi-ming-254524","邛窑灰釉鸟","宋","佚名","藏地不详","邛窑,中国最古老的民窑之一，是中国彩绘瓷的发源地。其价值堪比三星堆、金沙遗址，被列入国家大遗址重点保护。它始创于东晋，成熟于南朝，盛于唐，是跨越八个多世纪的中国古代陶瓷名窑。\n邛窑分布在我国的四川省境内，以青釉、青釉褐斑、青釉褐绿斑和彩绘瓷为主，始烧于南北朝衰于宋朝，时间踌度约800年的中国古代陶瓷名窑。邛窑是我国著名民间瓷窑之一。器物有各种盘、碗、罐等日用器皿，其中以丰富的小瓷俑最为生动形象，以创造了陶瓷省油灯而闻名全国。\n善于将雕塑艺术的手法运用到瓷器的造型上。纵观邛窑瓷器，雕塑艺术品特别多，例如各类大小动物，胡商俑、武士俑、劳作俑、侍女俑、役仆俑等形象都用雕塑手法作出，就是一些实用生活用具、文房用具、储盛用具等雕塑艺术的作法也处处可见。另一个巨型三彩釉陶砚台，塑成一个伸颈昂首，瞪眼张嘴的大龟，四腿塑成兽蹄形，盖用雕塑手法塑成隆起的龟背，再刻划出背纹和裙边，既实用又具有很高的艺术性。有的执壶，口部以上塑一鼻孔上翻，鼓目张嘴的人头，整齐的牙齿外露，似乎正在歌唱。有的器盖塑成一个天真的儿童，光头，昂首，两眼上视，双臂伸开，两退上翻，脚交织在一起，天真活泼，很像现在的杂技表演。瓷枕也塑造成虎形，下为一个椭圆形底板，上塑的虎，咧嘴露齿，翻鼻鼓睛；作伏卧状，背上的枕面四角圆润，前部较小，后面较大，中间略微低下，虎的前额、眉眼、皮毛和枕面以褐绿彩点画成彩斑装饰。第二，彩绘装饰十分普遍，邛窑陶瓷有单色釉、如青釉、棕黄色釉、褐黑色釉，灰白色釉。由于泥料较粗，普遍含有细沙粒，胎面普遍施化妆土，用当地原料配出浅黄、深黄、棕黄、老绿、翠绿、孔雀蓝、藏蓝、紫黄、黑色等彩在瓷器上作画，大多数是釉下彩。由于邛窑瓷器釉层稀薄，釉下彩或釉上彩不易分辨，但大多数是釉下彩。以大片圆形彩斑、联珠、多层菱形、圆圈构成的图案，有些和刻花、划花、粘贴、捏塑、模印等共同组成装饰面。最突出的是彩画。这些釉下彩绘，由于工匠有深厚的文化根底和书画艺术的功力，以没骨画的技法，率然落笔，粗悍展开，画出的花纹潇洒豪放，韵味无穷。 贴近生活的创造，四川自古以来崇尚读书，学子们多贫寒清苦，邛窑创造出省油灯，陆游说“书灯勿用铜盏，惟瓷盏最省油。蜀有夹瓷盏，注水于盏唇窍中，可省油之半。”受到士大夫文人和广大庶民百姓欢迎。这种创造为文化教育的普及提供了条件。",[23,24,7,25],"宋代","陶瓷","鸟","未知","Xcm*Xcm","瓷器精选",[28],3,"37474F",{"id":33,"slug":34,"title":35,"dynasty":36,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":37,"thumbUrl":41,"material":26,"size":27,"collection":28,"collections":42,"showCount":43,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":44},254746,"qiong-yao-hui-you-ren-dao-li-xiang-yi-ming-254746","邛窑灰釉人倒立像","唐",[36,24,7,38,39,40],"人物","雕刻","倒立","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Febf42096a7a1d1363b2f9834b1727eee.jpg",[28],2,"795548",{"id":46,"slug":47,"title":48,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":49,"tags":50,"thumbUrl":53,"material":26,"size":27,"collection":28,"collections":54,"showCount":55,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":44},255643,"shi-wan-yao-hui-you-qi-shou-ren-xiang-yi-ming-255643","石湾窑灰釉骑兽人像","石湾窑在今广东佛山市石湾镇，明清著名民窑之一。以陶塑和建筑陶瓷著称。始于宋代（亦有一说始于唐），极盛于明清两代。\n石湾窑以善仿钧窑而着称。仿钧釉色以蓝色、玫瑰紫、翠毛釉等为佳，但仿中有创。钧窑的窑变釉是一层釉色，而石湾窑变釉却有底釉与面釉之分。寂圆叟在其《陶雅》中盛赞石湾窑变釉色："广窑谓之泥均，其蓝色甚似灰色┅┅于灰釉中旋涡周遭，故露异彩，较之雨过天晴尤极浓艳，目为云斑霞片不足以方厥体态。┅┅又有时于灰釉中露出深蓝色之星点，亦足玩也。"\n石湾窑不仅善仿钧，而且善仿宋代各大名窑，宋代官、哥、汝、钧诸名窑产品，从材质运用、技法处理、艺术造型等各方面都仿得惟妙惟肖，而且有创造性的发展，梅建鹰评价曰："石湾集宋代各大名窑之大成，仿钧而青出于蓝，独创石湾自已的艺术风格。"",[18,24,7,38,51,52],"兽","俑","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fb6d17ab4aabbb1c5a4e2b4c5e553fd2e.jpg",[28],1,{"id":57,"slug":58,"title":59,"dynasty":60,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":61,"tags":62,"thumbUrl":70,"material":26,"size":27,"collection":71,"collections":72,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":44},275108,"hui-you-shuang-er-san-zu-ci-lu-yi-ming-275108","灰釉双耳三足瓷炉","清","宋代是传统制瓷工艺发展史上一个非常繁荣昌盛的时期。现时已发现的古代陶瓷遗址分布于全国170个县。其中有宋代窑址的就有130个县，占总数的75%。\n陶瓷史家通常将宋代陶瓷窑大致概括为6个瓷窑系，它们分别是：北方地区的定窑系、耀州窑系、钧窑系和磁州窑系；南方地区的龙泉青瓷系和景德镇的青白瓷系。这些窑系一方面具有因受其所在地区使用原材料的影响而具有的特殊性，另一方面又有受帝国时代的政治理念、文化习俗、工艺水平制约而具有的共同性。\n从造型的角度分析，宋瓷的器形较之前代更为丰富多彩，几乎包括了人民日常生活用器的大部分：碗、盘、壶、罐、盒、炉、枕、砚与水注等，其中最为多见的是玉壶春瓶。总的说来，民间用瓷的造型大部分是大方朴实、经济耐用；而宫廷用瓷则端庄典雅、雍容华贵。最能反映皇家气派的是哥、官、钧、汝与定窑口烧制的贡瓷，最能体现百姓喜乐的是磁州、耀州窑口烧制的民间瓷品。\n从纹饰上讲，宋瓷的纹饰题材表现手法都极为丰富独特。一般情况下，龙、凤、鹿、鹤、游鱼、花鸟、婴戏、山水景色等常作为主体纹饰而突现在各类器形的显著部位，而回纹、卷枝卷叶纹、云头纹、钱纹、莲瓣纹等多用作边饰间饰，用以辅助主题纹饰。工匠们用刻、划、剔、画和雕塑等不同技法，在器物上把纹样的神情意态与胎体的方圆长短巧妙结合起来，形成审美与实用的统一整体，令人爱不释手。如婴戏纹，或于碗心、或于瓶腹，将肌肤稚嫩，情态活泼的童子置于花丛之中，或一或二，或三五成群，攀树折花，追逐嬉戏，真切动人，生活气息甚为浓厚。",[24,7,63,64,65,66,67,68,39,69],"开片","双耳","三足","瓷炉","玉石","鸭子","日用具","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F85094beaf01a0a77ab9200ef5ed87f2f.jpg","",[],{"id":74,"slug":75,"title":76,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":49,"tags":77,"thumbUrl":79,"material":26,"size":27,"collection":28,"collections":80,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":31},255645,"shi-wan-yao-hui-you-niao-yi-ming-255645","石湾窑灰釉鸟",[23,24,7,25,78],"石湾窑风格","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fb25a11d3371a79919badd5f36cbff71c.jpg",[28],{"id":82,"slug":83,"title":84,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":49,"tags":85,"thumbUrl":87,"material":26,"size":27,"collection":28,"collections":88,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":31},255644,"shi-wan-yao-hui-you-wu-dao-ren-xiang-yi-ming-255644","石湾窑灰釉舞蹈人像",[18,24,7,86,78,38],"舞蹈人物","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fa44250fd9ff62c3e6c4aecce260d4c58.jpg",[28],{"id":90,"slug":91,"title":92,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":49,"tags":93,"thumbUrl":94,"material":26,"size":27,"collection":28,"collections":95,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":44},255641,"shi-wan-yao-hui-you-shou-yi-ming-255641","石湾窑灰釉兽",[23,24,7,51],"https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F2fbc64ec468968da2dc7bb366a13409b.jpg",[28],{"id":97,"slug":98,"title":99,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":49,"tags":100,"thumbUrl":104,"material":26,"size":27,"collection":28,"collections":105,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":31},255583,"shi-wan-yao-hui-you-ji-yi-ming-255583","石湾窑灰釉鸡",[23,24,7,101,102,103],"鸡","器","动物","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F509877592d8cc5b24d9d05db567da2ee.jpg",[28],1777535740724]