[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":93},["ShallowReactive",2],{"subject-jue-bei":3},{"subject":4,"artworks":13},{"id":5,"slug":6,"name":7,"title":8,"description":9,"coverUrl":10,"showCount":11,"artworkCount":12},10106,"jue-bei","爵杯","爵杯画高清赏析","精选中国历代爵杯题材作品，欣赏传统绘画中的笔墨与意境。","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F9ce2fe8653c1a7e6a10b1cfdb0942f21.jpg",0,6,[14,34,47,56,67,78],{"id":15,"slug":16,"title":17,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":22,"thumbUrl":28,"material":29,"size":30,"collection":31,"collections":32,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},275235,"qian-long-kuan-huang-you-tu-jin-jue-yi-ming-275235","乾隆款黄釉涂金爵","清","佚名","藏地不详","黄釉是汉族传统的陶瓷装饰艺术。最早出现于唐代，当时安徽淮南寿州窑、河南密县窑等都烧黄釉。但正色黄釉，还是宋代汝窑的高温黄釉——茶叶末釉。明代的黄釉有新的发展，洪武时的老僧衣即茶叶末的衍化；始于宣德的浇黄，更是明代杰出的黄釉；嘉靖以后，又有鱼子黄、鸡油黄等。入清后有康熙的淡黄，以及其后的菜尾、鼻烟、金酱等。",[23,24,25,26,27,7],"陶瓷","饮酒器","礼器","涂金","黄釉","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F730d705851bd4e1247fb735e970eb49b.jpg","未知","Xcm*Xcm","",[],"BDBDBD",{"id":35,"slug":36,"title":37,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":38,"tags":39,"thumbUrl":45,"material":29,"size":30,"collection":31,"collections":46,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},269857,"xi-jiao-diao-shou-mian-wen-ba-jiao-jue-bei-yi-ming-269857","犀角雕兽面纹八角爵杯","唐孙位《高逸图》中，酒樽旁托盘内放置杯，侍者手中亦持有杯。可见，唐代杯亦为常见的饮酒器具。因其用于饮酒较之碗更加含蓄、优雅，故文人雅士较为推崇。杜甫诗云“潦倒新停浊酒杯”，杜甫饮用“浊酒”亦用酒杯。\n除普通筒形杯外，唐代较为流行的一种杯式为高足杯，其执拿姿势为用拇指与食指捏住高足杯的杯把。瓷质高足杯唐代以前较少使用，唐代应用明显广泛。唐代的许多中小型墓葬中亦出土瓷质高足杯。说明此杯类已逐渐演变为一种较为常见的日用器具。此种杯式的使用，可能与此时葡萄酒的饮用有关。\n宋代酒质较低时饮酒器具较大，酒质提高，其形制自然缩小。宋代饮酒器具以杯为主。主要的酒杯类型有：圆口杯、花口杯、带把杯、高足杯。\n高足杯为元代典型饮酒器具。其与游牧民族马上饮酒生活习俗相适应。元代高足杯形制多样，有喇叭形、竹节形等。很多资料记载高足杯为蒙古人饮用马奶酒的器具。\n高足杯为直口、深腹。其杯形制与唐宋时候盏类的承载量基本一致，故其用于饮马奶酒是合理的。但元代尚酒，饮酒需求量大，除用于饮用马奶酒之外，高足杯亦可用于蒸馏酒的饮用。\n明朝由于喝茶方式的改变，出现了小茶壶，导致喝茶的盏变得精致小巧，如今天我们所使用的杯子。饮茶的杯子与饮酒的杯子就变得傻傻分不清楚。\n虽然出现了饮茶的杯子，但杯子还是饮酒器的主流。明代杯类形制多样，造型装饰精巧，功能明确。如制作专门用于皇室贵族使用的鸡缸杯、压手杯。\n亦有符合士人情趣的高士杯、菊花杯等。此外，明代高足杯形制多样，此时高足杯形制较小，适合蒸馏酒的饮用。较于元代高足杯，明代高足杯足部外撇，足成长喇叭形，器具稳定性加强。\n明朝以前杯壁较浅，到了清朝，杯壁开始加深，容量增加，有的被已经茶酒共用。18世纪受国外文化影响，杯子已经发展成为今天我们所见到的样子。\n虽然我国饮酒时有温酒的习惯，但酒温不高，而且宋以后开始饮用蒸馏酒，常温就可饮用。杯作为主要的饮酒器，自然不用考虑温度的问题，均是手握酒杯饮用，所以大多没有把。",[40,41,24,7,42,43,44],"犀角","雕刻","兽面纹","兽类","八角","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fa30e17e9ac9be330ae2c9afa85346ec5.jpg",[],{"id":48,"slug":49,"title":50,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":38,"tags":51,"thumbUrl":53,"material":29,"size":30,"collection":31,"collections":54,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":55},269854,"xi-jiao-diao-shou-mian-wen-jue-bei-yi-ming-269854","犀角雕兽面纹爵杯",[41,24,42,52,7],"犀角器","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F2135059149fbd478e42188de68f24a45.jpg",[],"F48FB1",{"id":57,"slug":58,"title":59,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":38,"tags":60,"thumbUrl":65,"material":29,"size":30,"collection":31,"collections":66,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":55},269613,"xi-jiao-diao-pan-chi-wen-jue-bei-yi-ming-269613","犀角雕蟠螭纹爵杯",[41,24,7,40,61,62,63,64],"蟠螭","龙","兽","器","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Feedd4745c2de7489c9eac8a2926f8609.jpg",[],{"id":68,"slug":69,"title":70,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":71,"tags":72,"thumbUrl":10,"material":29,"size":30,"collection":75,"collections":76,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":77},261639,"de-hua-yao-bai-you-tu-hua-wen-chu-ji-jue-yi-ming-261639","德化窑白釉凸花纹出戟爵","德化窑位于今福建德化，故名。作为著名的瓷窑，是福建沿海地区古外销瓷重要产地之一。发现由宋到清历代窑址达一百八十处，重点发掘了屈斗宫、碗坪仑两处窑址。\n德化瓷器是中华陶瓷烧造中的艺术珍品，始于宋代，明代后得到巨大发展。以白瓷塑佛像闻名。其制作细腻，雕刻精美，造型生动，体现了古代劳动人民的卓越才能和艺术创造力。\n在今福建德化，故名。是福建沿海地区古外销瓷重要产地之一。发现由宋到清历代窑址达一百八十处，重点发掘了屈斗宫、碗坪仑两处窑址。\n碗坪仑烧瓷较屈斗宫古窑址早，烧青白瓷，有的接近白釉，刻花蓖划纹装饰较多，盒子遗留甚丰，盖面所印阳纹装饰达一百余种，题材之丰富在南方地区首屈一指，南宋时有专门制作盒子的作坊，盒盖上阳文印花装饰题材丰富，有动物、花卉等近百种图案。划花间篦划纹亦较多，饰在碗、盘、瓶等器物上。\n屈斗宫元代办烧青白瓷，从南宋至元代。明代盛烧白瓷观音、达摩等塑像，胎釉浑然一体，如同白玉，被赞为"象牙白"、"奶白"或 "天鹅绒白。清代除烧白瓷外，盛烧青花与彩绘瓷器。元代以来，德化窑瓷器输出海外，菲律宾、马来西亚出土有元代德化窑青白瓷，泰国及东非坦桑尼亚等国家也出土有清代德化窑青花瓷器。\n这种瓷器的制作工艺程序如下：他们从地下挖取一种泥土，将它垒成一个大堆，任凭风吹、雨打、日晒，从不翻动，历时三、四十年。泥土经过这种处理，质地变得更加纯化精炼，适合制造上述各种器皿，然后抹上认为颜色合宜的釉，再将瓷器放入窑内或炉里烧制而成。因此，人们挖泥堆土，目的是替自已的儿孙贮备制造瓷器的材料而已，大量的瓷器是在城中出售， 一个威尼斯银币能买到八个瓷杯“。马可波罗的介绍，引起了西方人的强烈兴趣。",[23,24,73,41,74,7],"白釉","凸花纹","瓷器精选",[75],"37474F",{"id":79,"slug":80,"title":81,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":38,"tags":82,"thumbUrl":90,"material":29,"size":30,"collection":31,"collections":91,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":92},256642,"zi-di-ya-dao-fen-cai-miao-jin-dai-tuo-jue-bei-yi-ming-256642","紫地轧道粉彩描金带托爵杯",[83,84,85,86,23,7,87,25,24,88,89],"清代","轧道粉彩","描金","设色","托","龙纹","紫地","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F46a96d8550bf197a49ffa24951aa15e9.jpg",[],"795548",1777535750290]