[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":88},["ShallowReactive",2],{"subject-ren-wu-tu":3},{"subject":4,"artworks":13},{"id":5,"slug":6,"name":7,"title":8,"description":9,"coverUrl":10,"showCount":11,"artworkCount":12},8957,"ren-wu-tu","人物图","人物图画高清赏析","精选中国历代人物图题材作品，欣赏传统绘画中的笔墨与意境。","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fc0278a3d58a4b5b2980ac941400d07ae.jpg",0,5,[14,37,51,60,70],{"id":15,"slug":16,"title":17,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":22,"thumbUrl":31,"material":32,"size":33,"collection":34,"collections":35,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":36},281433,"yang-ci-cai-hua-jia-jin-ren-wu-tu-liang-jie-pie-kou-da-ping-yi-ming-281433","洋瓷彩花加金人物图两截撇口大瓶","清","佚名","藏地不详","瓷器是由瓷石、高岭土、石英石、莫来石等烧制而成，外表施有玻璃质釉或彩绘的物器。瓷器的成形要通过在窑内经过高温（约1280℃～1400℃）烧制，瓷器表面的釉色会因为温度的不同从而发生各种化学变化，是中华文明展示的瑰宝。\n中国是瓷器的故乡，瓷器是古代劳动人民的一个重要的创造。谢肇淛在《五杂俎》记载：“今俗语窑器谓之磁器者，盖磁州窑最多，故相延名之，如银称米提，墨称腴糜之类也。”当时出现的以“磁器”代窑器是由磁州窑产量最多所致。这是迄今发现最早使用瓷器称谓的史料。",[23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,7],"陶瓷","洋瓷","彩瓷","描金","加金","彩绘","人物","器物","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F60e7f39d43de9fa3ccd788655559af0f.jpg","未知","Xcm*Xcm","",[],"BDBDBD",{"id":38,"slug":39,"title":40,"dynasty":41,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":42,"tags":43,"thumbUrl":48,"material":32,"size":33,"collection":34,"collections":49,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":50},261752,"qing-hua-ren-wu-tu-zhu-ge-wan-yi-ming-261752","青花人物图诸葛碗","明","青花瓷（blue and white porcelain），又称白地青花瓷，常简称青花，是中国瓷器的主流品种之一，属釉下彩瓷。青花瓷是用含氧化钴的钴矿为原料，在陶瓷坯体上描绘纹饰，再罩上一层透明釉，经高温还原焰一次烧成。钴料烧成后呈蓝色，具有着色力强、发色鲜艳、烧成率高、呈色稳定的特点。原始青花瓷于唐宋已见端倪，成熟的青花瓷则出现在元代景德镇的湖田窑。明代青花成为瓷器的主流。明宣德时发展到了顶峰。明清时期，还创烧了青花五彩、孔雀绿釉青花、豆青釉青花、青花红彩、黄地青花、哥釉青花等衍生品种。",[23,44,45,46,47,7],"青花","日用器","碗","花卉","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F84021f78f766a485875540e18e227812.jpg",[],"795548",{"id":52,"slug":53,"title":54,"dynasty":41,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":42,"tags":55,"thumbUrl":58,"material":32,"size":33,"collection":34,"collections":59,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":36},261328,"wan-li-kuan-qing-hua-ren-wu-tu-pan-yi-ming-261328","万历款青花人物图盘",[23,44,7,56,57,45],"龙纹","植物","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F37ba369fac6d889f5d664315195a3598.jpg",[],{"id":61,"slug":62,"title":63,"dynasty":41,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":64,"tags":65,"thumbUrl":10,"material":32,"size":33,"collection":34,"collections":69,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":36},260560,"wu-cai-ren-wu-tu-wei-jiao-fang-pan-yi-ming-260560","五彩人物图委角方盘","用漆涂在各种器物的表面上所制成的日常器具及工艺品、美术品等，一般称为“漆器”。生漆是从漆树割取的天然液汁，主要由漆酚、漆酶、树胶质及水分构成。用它作涂料，有耐潮、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特殊功能，又可以配制出不同色漆，光彩照人。在中国，从新石器时代起就认识了漆的性能并用以制器。历经商周直至明清，中国的漆器工艺不断发展，达到了相当高的水平。中国的炝金、描金等工艺品，对日本等地都有深远影响。漆器是中国古代在化学工艺及工艺美术方面的重要发明。\n中国古代漆器的工艺，早在新石器时代就已经出现，夏代的木胎漆器不仅用于日常生活，也用于祭祀，并常用朱、黑二色来髹涂。殷商时代已有“石器雕琢，觞酌刻镂”的漆艺。1973年河南成蒿成台西村商代遗址中出土的漆器残片，在木胎上雕饰饕餮纹，并涂上朱、黑两色的漆。 [2]\n西晋以后到南北朝，由于佛教的盛行，出现利用夹纻工艺所造的大型佛像，此时的漆工艺被用来为宗教信仰服务，夹纻胎漆器也因而发展。所谓的夹纻是以漆灰和麻布造型作为漆胎，胎骨轻巧而坚牢。\n唐代经济发达文化繁荣，种种因素使工艺美术也随之发达，在艺术、技术以及生产上，皆远超过前期。唐朝漆器大放异彩，呈现出华丽的风格，漆器制作技术也往富丽方向发展，金银平脱、螺钿、雕漆等制作费时、价格昂贵的技法在当时极为盛行。\n宋代漆器的制胎和髹饰技艺已经十分成熟，当时不仅官方设有专门生产机构，民间制作漆器也很普遍。漆器所制作的器皿，样式多且富变化，造型简朴，表现出器物结构比例之美。一般而言，宋代漆器以素色静谧为主。\n明代时期的工艺美术跨入新的阶段，官方设厂专制御用的各种漆器，并由著名的漆艺家管理。除了官设的漆器厂外，民间漆器生产也遍及大江南北。明代江南漆器名家辈出﹐明初有张德刚﹐包亮﹐明代中期有方信川，明末有江千里等，并出现集漆器工艺之大成的著作：黄成著，杨明注《髹饰录》。\n髹饰工艺在这时有很大的革新，结合多种传统技法，两种以上的技法作结合，不同的文饰在不同的素地上更换，开创出千文万华的繁荣局面。\n今日中国大陆和台湾，漆器仍是民间工艺的重要组成部份，著名的漆器工艺，包括福州的脱胎漆器，厦门的髹金漆丝漆器，广东晕金漆器，扬州螺钿漆器，稷山螺钿漆器，山西平遥推光漆器，成都银片罩花漆器，安徽屯溪犀皮漆器，北京剔红漆器，台湾南投县黑髹漆器等。",[23,66,67,7,68],"日用具","五彩","方盘",[],{"id":71,"slug":72,"title":73,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":74,"tags":75,"thumbUrl":86,"material":32,"size":33,"collection":34,"collections":87,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":50},246963,"qian-long-kuan-ti-hong-shou-chun-tu-kai-guang-shan-shui-ren-wu-tu-yuan-he-yi-ming-246963","乾隆款剔红寿春图开光山水人物图圆盒","清代文物。旧时用于存放食物或饰品之用,根据材质价值不同。清宫旧藏",[76,77,78,79,80,29,81,82,83,84,85,7],"漆器","剔红","雕刻","清代","山水","开光","寿字","圆盒","寿春图","开光山水","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F0dc8e21537508413d23ba16faa5e4b76.jpg",[],1777535756589]