[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":451},["ShallowReactive",2],{"subject-shui-cheng":3},{"subject":4,"artworks":13},{"id":5,"slug":6,"name":7,"title":8,"description":9,"coverUrl":10,"showCount":11,"artworkCount":12},10311,"shui-cheng","水丞","水丞画高清赏析","精选中国历代水丞题材作品，欣赏传统绘画中的笔墨与意境。","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F98834cab8d2602f34017d83413ec6f08.jpg",0,48,[14,34,50,61,72,84,95,107,117,127,135,145,152,160,169,177,186,194,203,215,225,233,241,249,256,265,274,283,291,300,306,315,321,327,333,342,352,360,368,377,385,392,401,407,416,424,433,443],{"id":15,"slug":16,"title":17,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":22,"thumbUrl":27,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":31,"showCount":32,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},261897,"dan-huai-shi-kuan-mo-cai-bai-die-wen-shui-cheng-yi-ming-261897","澹怀室款墨彩百蝶纹水丞","清","佚名","藏地不详","水丞又称水中丞，一般多称就是水盂。是一种古老的中国传统工艺品。它是置于书案上的贮水器，用于贮砚水，多属扁圆形，有嘴的叫“水注”，无嘴的叫“水丞”。制作古朴雅致，为文房一重要器具。水丞有玉制的，如清代青玉雕葫芦水丞，两水盂相连构成葫芦形状，周边随形雕刻枝叶缠绕，显得清朗自然。玉水丞中以明代玉工陆子冈所制作品最为著名。也有铜制的、陶瓷制的，如官哥窑肚圆式、钵盂小口式等。",[23,24,25,7,26],"陶瓷","墨彩","蝴蝶","文房器具","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F56e4a05c881d6b741089a72617c12e1f.jpg","未知","Xcm*Xcm","",[],4,"795548",{"id":35,"slug":36,"title":37,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":38,"thumbUrl":46,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":47,"showCount":48,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":49},270321,"qian-long-kuan-tong-hu-lu-shi-shui-cheng-yi-ming-270321","乾隆款铜葫芦式水丞",[39,40,41,42,43,44,7,45],"青铜器","铜制","雕刻","葫芦","葡萄","松鼠","文房器","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Ff5463181d183bf30d173e19338677f05.jpg",[],1,"37474F",{"id":51,"slug":52,"title":53,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":54,"thumbUrl":58,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":59,"showCount":48,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":60},270097,"huang-se-bo-li-tuo-yuan-xing-shui-cheng-yi-ming-270097","黄色玻璃椭圆形水丞",[55,56,7,57],"玻璃器","文房用具","日用具","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fc839854d1ea30e2a16040050e80193d6.jpg",[],"BDBDBD",{"id":62,"slug":63,"title":64,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":65,"tags":66,"thumbUrl":69,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":70,"collections":71,"showCount":48,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},263521,"yao-bian-you-shui-cheng-yi-ming-263521","窑变釉水丞","烧造瓷器，凡在开窑后发现不是预期的形状或釉色，以至于传世瓷器有时发生特异的情况者，都可说是“窑变”。《稗史汇编》说：“瓷有同是一质，遂成异质，同是一色，遂成异色者，水土所合，非人力之巧所能加，是之谓窑变。”总而言之，窑变大致可分为变形、变色、变质等数种。\n窑变釉，顾名思义，是器物在烧成过程中出现了意想不到的釉色效果。由于窑中含有多种呈色元素，经氧化或还原作用，瓷器在出窑后可能呈现出意外的釉色效果。因由窑变釉出现出于偶然，形态特别，人们又不知其原理，只知于窑内焙烧过程变化而得，故称之为“窑变釉”，俗语有“窑变无双”，就是指窑变釉的变化莫测，独一无二。",[23,67,7,56,68],"窑变釉","玉石","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F9e339a277e6e6ced430f1d4fea2e5766.jpg","瓷器精选",[70],{"id":73,"slug":74,"title":75,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":76,"thumbUrl":82,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":83,"showCount":48,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":60},262210,"fen-cai-ying-xi-tu-shui-cheng-yi-ming-262210","粉彩婴戏图水丞",[23,77,78,79,80,81,25,7,56],"粉彩","设色","婴戏","人物","花卉","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F5931af8aede5a10174d3dba5dd4451e6.jpg",[],{"id":85,"slug":86,"title":87,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":88,"tags":89,"thumbUrl":93,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":94,"showCount":48,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":49},261911,"qing-hua-chan-zhi-lian-wen-shui-cheng-yi-ming-261911","青花缠枝莲纹水丞","青花瓷（blue and white porcelain），又称白地青花瓷，常简称青花，是中国瓷器的主流品种之一，属釉下彩瓷。青花瓷是用含氧化钴的钴矿为原料，在陶瓷坯体上描绘纹饰，再罩上一层透明釉，经高温还原焰一次烧成。钴料烧成后呈蓝色，具有着色力强、发色鲜艳、烧成率高、呈色稳定的特点。原始青花瓷于唐宋已见端倪，成熟的青花瓷则出现在元代景德镇的湖田窑。明代青花成为瓷器的主流。明宣德时发展到了顶峰。明清时期，还创烧了青花五彩、孔雀绿釉青花、豆青釉青花、青花红彩、黄地青花、哥釉青花等衍生品种。",[23,90,91,92,7,57,56,81],"青花","缠枝莲","荷花","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fe9670666cd917f5c3db99454264544e0.jpg",[],{"id":96,"slug":97,"title":98,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":99,"tags":100,"thumbUrl":105,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":70,"collections":106,"showCount":48,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},259011,"yi-xing-yao-zi-sha-tao-shi-shui-cheng-yi-ming-259011","宜兴窑紫砂桃式水丞","宜兴窑，在今江苏宜兴丁蜀镇，故名。烧瓷历史悠久，秦汉时宜兴地区陶窑密布；两晋时在均山烧青瓷，唐初在归径等地大量烧制，至晚唐、五代成为南方民间著名青瓷窑；宋、元时期，丁蜀与西渚一带大规模烧造日用陶和早期紫砂。明清时成为当时的烧陶中心。涧众村发现有唐代青瓷窑址。明代以紫砂器闻名于世，出现不少制紫砂壶名家，如供春；时大彬、李仲芳、陈仲美等，并仿烧宋代钧窑器物，因有&quot;宜钧&quot;之称。\n在今江苏宜兴市南部的丁蜀镇一带，故称为宜兴窑。宜兴窑从汉代始烧红陶、灰陶、和原始青瓷等等，其烧制陶瓷的历史一直延续到今天，有2000多年，故可称是最古老的窑口。宋代已开始烧造紫砂器，明代的紫砂器闻名于世，清代是其高峰。建国后，宜兴除传统的紫砂陶、均陶有很大发展外，还恢复了青瓷生产，新创了花釉陶和精陶等产品，是我国重点陶瓷产区之一。",[23,101,41,102,103,7,104],"紫砂","桃","桃式","器","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F875eb5b6242aa92390a9c7686309b4fe.jpg",[70],{"id":108,"slug":109,"title":110,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":111,"thumbUrl":115,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":116,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":60},272642,"cheng-fen-wen-ju-shui-cheng-yi-ming-272642","成份文具-水丞",[104,112,7,41,113,114],"文具","回纹","兽纹","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fd29fb3478e5af47e9a8f6d1574a03e76.jpg",[],{"id":118,"slug":119,"title":120,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":121,"tags":122,"thumbUrl":125,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":126,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":60},271032,"cheng-fen-wen-ju-ci-shui-cheng-yi-ming-271032","成份文具-瓷水丞","瓷器是由瓷石、高岭土、石英石、莫来石等烧制而成，外表施有玻璃质釉或彩绘的物器。瓷器的成形要通过在窑内经过高温（约1280℃～1400℃）烧制，瓷器表面的釉色会因为温度的不同从而发生各种化学变化，是中华文明展示的瑰宝。\n中国是瓷器的故乡，瓷器是古代劳动人民的一个重要的创造。谢肇淛在《五杂俎》记载：“今俗语窑器谓之磁器者，盖磁州窑最多，故相延名之，如银称米提，墨称腴糜之类也。”当时出现的以“磁器”代窑器是由磁州窑产量最多所致。这是迄今发现最早使用瓷器称谓的史料。",[23,112,7,123,124],"莲蓬","荷","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F0da60d36feb477ce10e9168fd48b756c.jpg",[],{"id":128,"slug":129,"title":130,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":131,"thumbUrl":133,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":134,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":49},271013,"cheng-fen-wen-ju-tong-juan-shu-shi-shui-cheng-yi-ming-271013","成份文具-铜卷书式水丞",[40,41,112,7,132],"卷书式","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F8cf93d152eff4f760c238fa1663b7d86.jpg",[],{"id":136,"slug":137,"title":138,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":139,"thumbUrl":143,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":144,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":49},271009,"cheng-fen-wen-ju-zhu-gen-diao-shui-cheng-yi-ming-271009","成份文具-竹根雕水丞",[140,41,112,141,7,142],"竹质","松树","竹根雕","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Feeb647d576727b94e93dbd65eda69d4a.jpg",[],{"id":146,"slug":147,"title":148,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":149,"thumbUrl":150,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":151,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":49},270124,"qian-long-kuan-bai-se-bo-li-shui-cheng-yi-ming-270124","乾隆款白色玻璃水丞",[55,7,56,57],"https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fb499951ba96ec8fe629c936122b6b1b6.jpg",[],{"id":153,"slug":154,"title":155,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":156,"thumbUrl":158,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":159,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},270123,"qian-long-kuan-qian-lv-se-bo-li-tuo-yuan-shui-cheng-yi-ming-270123","乾隆款浅绿色玻璃椭圆水丞",[55,7,157,56,57],"浅绿色","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F95645a79b0007addcbcd3ca07257b1a1.jpg",[],{"id":161,"slug":162,"title":163,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":164,"thumbUrl":167,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":168,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},270120,"bai-se-di-tao-hong-se-bo-li-chi-wen-shui-cheng-yi-ming-270120","白色地套红色玻璃螭纹水丞",[55,7,165,166,41,56],"套色玻璃","螭纹","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F893e08fdca5de91359c54bf94ff577cf.jpg",[],{"id":170,"slug":171,"title":172,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":173,"tags":174,"thumbUrl":175,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":176,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},270118,"yong-zheng-kuan-huang-se-bo-li-liu-fang-shui-cheng-yi-ming-270118","雍正款黄色玻璃六方水丞","雍正一朝虽然只有13年，但他的制瓷业成就却达到了清代官窑的历史高峰，其品种之多，制作工艺之精良，都是其他朝代无法比拟的。",[55,7,56,57,104],"https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F5be1ecbc7210cac112b1ee2415ba536d.jpg",[],{"id":178,"slug":179,"title":180,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":181,"thumbUrl":184,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":185,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},270114,"qian-long-kuan-bai-se-di-tao-cai-se-bo-li-shui-cheng-yi-ming-270114","乾隆款白色地套彩色玻璃水丞",[55,56,182,183,41,7],"套色工艺","龙","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F88d81dfa8a8cdee9bd41e85b3dea2c8a.jpg",[],{"id":187,"slug":188,"title":189,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":190,"thumbUrl":192,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":193,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},270088,"bai-se-di-tao-cai-se-bo-li-hua-hui-wen-shui-cheng-yi-ming-270088","白色地套彩色玻璃花卉纹水丞",[55,182,191,7,56,57],"花卉纹","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fca890098396ce6621f59e35bcfc7cd10.jpg",[],{"id":195,"slug":196,"title":197,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":198,"thumbUrl":201,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":202,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":60},269915,"zhu-gen-diao-song-wen-shui-cheng-yi-ming-269915","竹根雕松纹水丞",[142,41,199,7,56,200,104],"松纹","木质","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F3f9a465af0cd9b94b3b63d27c1ca3104.jpg",[],{"id":204,"slug":205,"title":206,"dynasty":207,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":208,"tags":209,"thumbUrl":213,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":70,"collections":214,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":60},262258,"yue-yao-qing-you-ke-hua-gao-zu-shui-cheng-yi-ming-262258","越窑青釉刻花高足水丞","唐","越窑是中国古代南方著名的青瓷窑，汉族传统制瓷工艺的珍品之一。窑所在地主要在越州境内，即今浙江省宁绍平原上的绍兴、宁波两地。生产年代自东汉至宋。唐朝是越窑工艺最精湛时期，居全国之冠。越窑之名，最早见于唐代，越窑瓷青瓷与唐代的饮茶风尚关系十分密切，其瓷质造型，釉色之美，深受饮茶者的喜爱。饮茶风尚又影响了越窑青瓷的型制。",[23,210,211,212,7],"刻花","青釉","莲纹","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F2be92da758b2308df00709c4d20d3ea5.jpg",[70],{"id":216,"slug":217,"title":218,"dynasty":219,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":220,"tags":221,"thumbUrl":223,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":224,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},262250,"qing-you-shui-cheng-yi-ming-262250","青釉水丞","晋","中国瓷器著名传统颜色釉。亦称“青瓷釉”。古代南方青釉，是瓷器最早的颜色釉。\n所谓“青釉”，颜色并不是纯粹的青，有：月白、天青、粉青、梅子青、豆青、豆绿、翠青等，但多少总能泛出一点青绿色。同时，古人往往将青、绿、蓝三种颜色，一统称为“青色”，例如许之衡《饮流斋说瓷》称：“古瓷尚青，凡绿也、蓝也，皆以青括之。”刘子芬《竹园陶说》中也说：“青色一种，常与蓝色相混。雨过天晴，钧窑、元窑之青，皆近蓝色。”“惟千峰翠色、梅子青、豆青、乃为纯青耳。天色本蓝，有时为青。”\n青釉是我国使用最早，延用时间最久，分布最广的一个釉种，它的发明是与我国瓷土矿大都含有一定量的铁矿的现象相一致的。青色也符合我国人民的传统审美情趣。青色与碧玉相若，认为稳重而高雅。浙江、江西、河南等地已出土了不少早至商周时期的原始青釉瓷。六朝至唐宋以越窑为代表的南方青釉瓷；宋到元明的龙泉窑系青瓷；耀州窑、临汝窑、钧窑等宋代北方青瓷；以及明、清以来的景德镇青釉瓷，是青釉发展的几个重要阶段，所谓的宋代“汝、定、官、哥、钧”五大名窑，除定窑外均属青釉瓷。表釉的呈色主要决定于着色氧化物的含铁量与烧成气氛，青釉含铁量一般在1—3%左右，过高会变成黑釉，低了就能烧成白瓷。在还原气氛中烧成。釉色青绿；在氧化气氛中烧成，釉色泛黄。因而陶瓷界所谓的青釉是相对而言的，正如许之衡《饮流斋说瓷》中所说：“古瓷尚青，凡绿也，蓝也，皆以青括之。”",[23,7,211,26,222],"网格纹","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F19d17d8b8ac44c3ee3416e00d615cbbb.jpg",[],{"id":226,"slug":227,"title":228,"dynasty":219,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":220,"tags":229,"thumbUrl":231,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":232,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},262192,"qing-you-chan-xing-shui-cheng-yi-ming-262192","青釉蟾形水丞",[23,211,230,7,56],"蟾蜍","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F8d2d5beddc03617cbd3015483580f50a.jpg",[],{"id":234,"slug":235,"title":236,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":88,"tags":237,"thumbUrl":239,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":240,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},261938,"qing-hua-san-chi-wen-dai-gai-shui-cheng-yi-ming-261938","青花三螭纹带盖水丞",[23,90,166,7,56,238],"开片","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F34132b9ba70bfeb5aeb9fed4f8fa47be.jpg",[],{"id":242,"slug":243,"title":244,"dynasty":207,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":245,"thumbUrl":247,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":248,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},261860,"san-cai-shui-cheng-yi-ming-261860","三彩水丞",[23,246,104,57,56,7],"三彩","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F437bcea4a49a6991ffdd32dedf0e3cfb.jpg",[],{"id":250,"slug":251,"title":252,"dynasty":207,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":208,"tags":253,"thumbUrl":254,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":70,"collections":255,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":49},261733,"yue-yao-qing-you-shui-cheng-yi-ming-261733","越窑青釉水丞",[23,211,7,26,57,104],"https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Ff7e6d9e4795a41d4e88e88a3c968ad72.jpg",[70],{"id":257,"slug":258,"title":259,"dynasty":219,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":220,"tags":260,"thumbUrl":263,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":264,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},261558,"qing-you-jia-cai-wa-shi-shui-cheng-yi-ming-261558","青釉加彩蛙式水丞",[23,7,261,211,262,26],"蛙形","加彩","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fca8aad089545e76f3a7f481ea3e23395.jpg",[],{"id":266,"slug":267,"title":268,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":269,"thumbUrl":272,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":273,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":49},261380,"fan-hong-cai-chan-zhi-lian-wen-shui-cheng-yi-ming-261380","矾红彩缠枝莲纹水丞",[23,270,271,7,56],"矾红彩","缠枝莲纹","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F8eae047712bd0aba472f66cef0b9daa0.jpg",[],{"id":275,"slug":276,"title":277,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":278,"tags":279,"thumbUrl":281,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":282,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},261379,"fang-mu-wen-you-shui-cheng-yi-ming-261379","仿木纹釉水丞","宋代是传统制瓷工艺发展史上一个非常繁荣昌盛的时期。现时已发现的古代陶瓷遗址分布于全国170个县。其中有宋代窑址的就有130个县，占总数的75%。\n陶瓷史家通常将宋代陶瓷窑大致概括为6个瓷窑系，它们分别是：北方地区的定窑系、耀州窑系、钧窑系和磁州窑系；南方地区的龙泉青瓷系和景德镇的青白瓷系。这些窑系一方面具有因受其所在地区使用原材料的影响而具有的特殊性，另一方面又有受帝国时代的政治理念、文化习俗、工艺水平制约而具有的共同性。\n从造型的角度分析，宋瓷的器形较之前代更为丰富多彩，几乎包括了人民日常生活用器的大部分：碗、盘、壶、罐、盒、炉、枕、砚与水注等，其中最为多见的是玉壶春瓶。总的说来，民间用瓷的造型大部分是大方朴实、经济耐用；而宫廷用瓷则端庄典雅、雍容华贵。最能反映皇家气派的是哥、官、钧、汝与定窑口烧制的贡瓷，最能体现百姓喜乐的是磁州、耀州窑口烧制的民间瓷品。\n从纹饰上讲，宋瓷的纹饰题材表现手法都极为丰富独特。一般情况下，龙、凤、鹿、鹤、游鱼、花鸟、婴戏、山水景色等常作为主体纹饰而突现在各类器形的显著部位，而回纹、卷枝卷叶纹、云头纹、钱纹、莲瓣纹等多用作边饰间饰，用以辅助主题纹饰。工匠们用刻、划、剔、画和雕塑等不同技法，在器物上把纹样的神情意态与胎体的方圆长短巧妙结合起来，形成审美与实用的统一整体，令人爱不释手。如婴戏纹，或于碗心、或于瓶腹，将肌肤稚嫩，情态活泼的童子置于花丛之中，或一或二，或三五成群，攀树折花，追逐嬉戏，真切动人，生活气息甚为浓厚。",[23,280,7,56],"仿木纹釉","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fc851572886a1bfc4b0cc3614d0018404.jpg",[],{"id":284,"slug":285,"title":286,"dynasty":219,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":220,"tags":287,"thumbUrl":289,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":290,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},261290,"qing-you-jia-cai-shui-cheng-yi-ming-261290","青釉加彩水丞",[23,288,7,56,104],"青釉加彩","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fa6d96408985af576855768b9068e3f2a.jpg",[],{"id":292,"slug":293,"title":294,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":295,"tags":296,"thumbUrl":298,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":70,"collections":299,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},261009,"de-hua-yao-bai-you-hui-wen-shui-cheng-yi-ming-261009","德化窑白釉回纹水丞","德化窑位于今福建德化，故名。作为著名的瓷窑，是福建沿海地区古外销瓷重要产地之一。发现由宋到清历代窑址达一百八十处，重点发掘了屈斗宫、碗坪仑两处窑址。\n德化瓷器是中华陶瓷烧造中的艺术珍品，始于宋代，明代后得到巨大发展。以白瓷塑佛像闻名。其制作细腻，雕刻精美，造型生动，体现了古代劳动人民的卓越才能和艺术创造力。\n在今福建德化，故名。是福建沿海地区古外销瓷重要产地之一。发现由宋到清历代窑址达一百八十处，重点发掘了屈斗宫、碗坪仑两处窑址。\n碗坪仑烧瓷较屈斗宫古窑址早，烧青白瓷，有的接近白釉，刻花蓖划纹装饰较多，盒子遗留甚丰，盖面所印阳纹装饰达一百余种，题材之丰富在南方地区首屈一指，南宋时有专门制作盒子的作坊，盒盖上阳文印花装饰题材丰富，有动物、花卉等近百种图案。划花间篦划纹亦较多，饰在碗、盘、瓶等器物上。\n屈斗宫元代办烧青白瓷，从南宋至元代。明代盛烧白瓷观音、达摩等塑像，胎釉浑然一体，如同白玉，被赞为&quot;象牙白&quot;、&quot;奶白&quot;或 &quot;天鹅绒白。清代除烧白瓷外，盛烧青花与彩绘瓷器。元代以来，德化窑瓷器输出海外，菲律宾、马来西亚出土有元代德化窑青白瓷，泰国及东非坦桑尼亚等国家也出土有清代德化窑青花瓷器。\n这种瓷器的制作工艺程序如下：他们从地下挖取一种泥土，将它垒成一个大堆，任凭风吹、雨打、日晒，从不翻动，历时三、四十年。泥土经过这种处理，质地变得更加纯化精炼，适合制造上述各种器皿，然后抹上认为颜色合宜的釉，再将瓷器放入窑内或炉里烧制而成。因此，人们挖泥堆土，目的是替自已的儿孙贮备制造瓷器的材料而已，大量的瓷器是在城中出售， 一个威尼斯银币能买到八个瓷杯“。马可波罗的介绍，引起了西方人的强烈兴趣。",[23,104,297,113,7,56,57],"白釉","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fc81b812fd187928b51278a77ea5ae22a.jpg",[70],{"id":301,"slug":302,"title":244,"dynasty":207,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":303,"thumbUrl":304,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":305,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},260835,"san-cai-shui-cheng-yi-ming-260835",[23,246,7,56,57,104],"https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F2a49f06d03801037a34c58f4e8a14d2b.jpg",[],{"id":307,"slug":308,"title":309,"dynasty":219,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":220,"tags":310,"thumbUrl":313,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":314,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},260755,"qing-you-si-xi-shui-cheng-yi-ming-260755","青釉四系水丞",[23,211,311,7,312,56],"四系","网纹","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F766fe79a9b21a8582eb30f3bfdf1e5df.jpg",[],{"id":316,"slug":317,"title":218,"dynasty":219,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":220,"tags":318,"thumbUrl":319,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":320,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},260740,"qing-you-shui-cheng-yi-ming-260740",[23,211,7,56,104],"https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F7d96cfedaf9c43fe0371562e34fbdf8d.jpg",[],{"id":322,"slug":323,"title":218,"dynasty":219,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":220,"tags":324,"thumbUrl":325,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":326,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},260739,"qing-you-shui-cheng-yi-ming-260739",[23,211,7,56,104],"https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fdd1edd491cf2213cf4a1a9547c69c4ac.jpg",[],{"id":328,"slug":329,"title":218,"dynasty":219,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":220,"tags":330,"thumbUrl":331,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":332,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},260738,"qing-you-shui-cheng-yi-ming-260738",[23,104,211,7],"https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F3d97fff72afe65053c992f9dd759fd14.jpg",[],{"id":334,"slug":335,"title":336,"dynasty":337,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":295,"tags":338,"thumbUrl":340,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":70,"collections":341,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},260539,"de-hua-yao-bai-you-xie-shi-shui-cheng-yi-ming-260539","德化窑白釉蟹式水丞","明",[23,339,7,56,297],"蟹","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F3bff5b1d963c17cd62cf91b9a74cfaf9.jpg",[70],{"id":343,"slug":344,"title":345,"dynasty":346,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":347,"tags":348,"thumbUrl":350,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":70,"collections":351,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},260320,"yao-zhou-yao-qing-you-gua-leng-shui-cheng-yi-ming-260320","耀州窑青釉瓜棱水丞","宋","耀州窑是中国传统制瓷工艺中的珍品，宋代六大窑系。位于今陕西省铜川市的黄堡镇，唐宋时属耀州治，在唐代就是中国陶瓷烧制的著名产地，宋代更进一步达到鼎盛，成为我国“宋代六大窑系”中的一个窑系。\n耀州窑是北方青瓷的代表。唐代开始烧制黑釉、白釉、青釉、茶叶末釉和白釉绿彩、褐彩、黑彩以及三彩陶器等。宋、金以青瓷为主。北宋是耀州的鼎盛时期，据记载且为朝廷烧造“贡瓷”。金代延续北宋时期继续发展，元代开始转型，走向末落，经明代、清代，终于民国。\n耀州窑始于唐代，北宋末为鼎盛期，宋代六大窑系，终于民国。其窑址位于陕西省铜川市黄堡镇，旧称同官，宋代时属耀州，故名“耀州窑”，包括陈炉镇、立地镇、上店镇及玉华宫等窑在内。是宋代北方民间青瓷的主要产区之一。\n宋代晚期以青瓷为主，胎薄质坚，釉面光洁匀静，色泽青幽，呈半透明状，十分淡雅。装饰有刻花、印花，结构严谨丰满，线条自由流畅。纹饰多满布器内外，种类繁多，有牡丹、菊花、莲花、鱼、鸭、龙凤等，风格粗放健美，生动自然。器形有碗、盘、瓶、罐、壶、香炉、香熏、盏托、注子温碗、钵等。\n耀州窑在宋时北方的青瓷窑场中最负盛名，堪称翘楚。于神宗元丰（1078-1085）至徽宗崇宁（1102-1106）的三十来年间，曾为朝廷烧制贡瓷。其不凡的制瓷技巧和洒脱活泼的风格对当时各地窑场产生了很大影响，得到广泛推广，由此形成了一个自北而南的范围广阔的耀州窑系。耀州窑系以黄堡镇为中心，襄括了河南宜阳窑、宝丰窑、新安城关窑、广东西村窑、广西永福窑、内乡大窑店窑等多个窑场。各窑制品均与铜川窑相似，仅由于所用原料有差别，胎质与釉色也有些微不同。",[23,211,349,7,56],"瓜棱","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Ff412bb9313b61259416419cbbd3032ea.jpg",[70],{"id":353,"slug":354,"title":355,"dynasty":219,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":220,"tags":356,"thumbUrl":358,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":359,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":60},260205,"qing-you-ha-ma-xing-shui-cheng-yi-ming-260205","青釉蛤蟆形水丞",[23,56,357,211,7],"蛙","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fc2d920d438fc1271d703d8e6905e31d1.jpg",[],{"id":361,"slug":362,"title":363,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":278,"tags":364,"thumbUrl":366,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":367,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":49},260049,"xuan-de-kuan-ji-hong-you-shui-cheng-yi-ming-260049","宣德款祭红釉水丞",[23,365,7,56],"祭红釉","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fd9d5bc348bbd14f517882bf513dd9a77.jpg",[],{"id":369,"slug":370,"title":371,"dynasty":219,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":220,"tags":372,"thumbUrl":375,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":376,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},259739,"qing-you-mo-yin-xie-fang-ge-wen-si-xi-shui-cheng-yi-ming-259739","青釉模印斜方格纹四系水丞",[23,211,373,311,7,56,374],"模印斜方格纹","器具","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F3f2cc06a33bab3a2387ffc49bc784fef.jpg",[],{"id":378,"slug":379,"title":380,"dynasty":219,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":220,"tags":381,"thumbUrl":383,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":384,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},259707,"qing-you-ke-hua-lian-ban-wen-shui-cheng-yi-ming-259707","青釉刻花莲瓣纹水丞",[23,210,382,211,104,7],"莲瓣纹","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fd9b05f8bc18195a65aaa1eeaf81be74b.jpg",[],{"id":386,"slug":387,"title":252,"dynasty":219,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":208,"tags":388,"thumbUrl":390,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":70,"collections":391,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},259596,"yue-yao-qing-you-shui-cheng-yi-ming-259596",[23,211,7,56,389],"刻划纹","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F4645de338fbf6806b6acb4d2a13d19e6.jpg",[70],{"id":393,"slug":394,"title":395,"dynasty":219,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":208,"tags":396,"thumbUrl":399,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":70,"collections":400,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},259594,"yue-yao-qing-you-san-zu-shui-cheng-yi-ming-259594","越窑青釉三足水丞",[23,7,211,397,398,57],"三足","几何纹","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F880e57b53f243a169db95dd7c6e7032f.jpg",[70],{"id":402,"slug":403,"title":252,"dynasty":219,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":208,"tags":404,"thumbUrl":405,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":70,"collections":406,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},259593,"yue-yao-qing-you-shui-cheng-yi-ming-259593",[23,56,211,7],"https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F978f47d0a138f23fc484401d8db5f11b.jpg",[70],{"id":408,"slug":409,"title":410,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":278,"tags":411,"thumbUrl":414,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":415,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},258639,"qian-long-kuan-fang-ru-you-lian-zi-shui-cheng-yi-ming-258639","乾隆款仿汝釉莲子水丞",[412,413,238,23,7,56],"清代","仿汝釉","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F61ecca7279ae5e0b4f91370c379c10ac.jpg",[],{"id":417,"slug":418,"title":419,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":420,"thumbUrl":422,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":423,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":60},258304,"fan-hong-cai-gan-lu-wen-shui-cheng-yi-ming-258304","矾红彩甘露纹水丞",[412,23,270,421,7,104],"甘露纹","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F9b5540a25629aaf508500c7446ef8716.jpg",[],{"id":425,"slug":426,"title":427,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":173,"tags":428,"thumbUrl":431,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":432,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":60},258098,"yong-zheng-kuan-fang-guan-you-dai-gai-shui-cheng-yi-ming-258098","雍正款仿官釉带盖水丞",[23,429,238,430,7,412],"仿官釉","带盖","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fb5959e9e330c9318201674d50a430e16.jpg",[],{"id":434,"slug":435,"title":436,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":437,"thumbUrl":441,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":442,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},257772,"cheng-hua-kuan-dou-cai-hai-shou-wen-shui-cheng-yi-ming-257772","成化款斗彩海兽纹水丞",[18,438,23,439,7,440],"斗彩","兽","文房","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fa31faf5880e4603a1c095dcbe828faa0.jpg",[],{"id":444,"slug":445,"title":446,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":447,"thumbUrl":10,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":450,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":33},257718,"wan-li-kuan-wu-cai-yun-long-wen-dai-gai-shui-cheng-yi-ming-257718","万历款五彩云龙纹带盖水丞",[18,23,448,183,449,7],"五彩","云",[],1777535709892]