[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":54},["ShallowReactive",2],{"subject-xi-jiao-bei":3},{"subject":4,"artworks":13},{"id":5,"slug":6,"name":7,"title":8,"description":9,"coverUrl":10,"showCount":11,"artworkCount":12},12093,"xi-jiao-bei","犀角杯","犀角杯画高清赏析","精选中国历代犀角杯题材作品，欣赏传统绘画中的笔墨与意境。","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F1355af11b99ff14f5c36e9cadbe7046c.jpg",0,3,[14,33,45],{"id":15,"slug":16,"title":17,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":22,"thumbUrl":27,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":31,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":32},269807,"xi-jiao-diao-jin-di-pan-chi-wen-bei-yi-ming-269807","犀角雕锦地蟠螭纹杯","明","佚名","藏地不详","唐孙位《高逸图》中，酒樽旁托盘内放置杯，侍者手中亦持有杯。可见，唐代杯亦为常见的饮酒器具。因其用于饮酒较之碗更加含蓄、优雅，故文人雅士较为推崇。杜甫诗云“潦倒新停浊酒杯”，杜甫饮用“浊酒”亦用酒杯。\n除普通筒形杯外，唐代较为流行的一种杯式为高足杯，其执拿姿势为用拇指与食指捏住高足杯的杯把。瓷质高足杯唐代以前较少使用，唐代应用明显广泛。唐代的许多中小型墓葬中亦出土瓷质高足杯。说明此杯类已逐渐演变为一种较为常见的日用器具。此种杯式的使用，可能与此时葡萄酒的饮用有关。\n宋代酒质较低时饮酒器具较大，酒质提高，其形制自然缩小。宋代饮酒器具以杯为主。主要的酒杯类型有：圆口杯、花口杯、带把杯、高足杯。\n高足杯为元代典型饮酒器具。其与游牧民族马上饮酒生活习俗相适应。元代高足杯形制多样，有喇叭形、竹节形等。很多资料记载高足杯为蒙古人饮用马奶酒的器具。\n高足杯为直口、深腹。其杯形制与唐宋时候盏类的承载量基本一致，故其用于饮马奶酒是合理的。但元代尚酒，饮酒需求量大，除用于饮用马奶酒之外，高足杯亦可用于蒸馏酒的饮用。\n明朝由于喝茶方式的改变，出现了小茶壶，导致喝茶的盏变得精致小巧，如今天我们所使用的杯子。饮茶的杯子与饮酒的杯子就变得傻傻分不清楚。\n虽然出现了饮茶的杯子，但杯子还是饮酒器的主流。明代杯类形制多样，造型装饰精巧，功能明确。如制作专门用于皇室贵族使用的鸡缸杯、压手杯。\n亦有符合士人情趣的高士杯、菊花杯等。此外，明代高足杯形制多样，此时高足杯形制较小，适合蒸馏酒的饮用。较于元代高足杯，明代高足杯足部外撇，足成长喇叭形，器具稳定性加强。\n明朝以前杯壁较浅，到了清朝，杯壁开始加深，容量增加，有的被已经茶酒共用。18世纪受国外文化影响，杯子已经发展成为今天我们所见到的样子。\n虽然我国饮酒时有温酒的习惯，但酒温不高，而且宋以后开始饮用蒸馏酒，常温就可饮用。杯作为主要的饮酒器，自然不用考虑温度的问题，均是手握酒杯饮用，所以大多没有把。",[23,24,7,25,26],"雕刻","饮酒器","蟠螭纹","锦地纹","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Ffdb3e9467249542c786d1651d99e4d19.jpg","未知","Xcm*Xcm","",[],"BDBDBD",{"id":34,"slug":35,"title":36,"dynasty":37,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":38,"thumbUrl":10,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":43,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":44},269796,"xi-jiao-diao-lian-chi-wen-he-ye-shi-bei-yi-ming-269796","犀角雕莲螭纹荷叶式杯","清",[23,24,39,40,41,42,7],"器","荷","荷叶","螭龙",[],"FFFFFF",{"id":46,"slug":47,"title":48,"dynasty":37,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":49,"thumbUrl":51,"material":28,"size":29,"collection":30,"collections":52,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":53},269533,"xi-jiao-diao-tian-ran-shi-bei-yi-ming-269533","犀角雕天然式杯",[39,24,23,7,50],"天然式","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fd1f150d99eaaf4bd0e37c086cc7c5575.jpg",[],"F48FB1",1777535779198]