[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":172},["ShallowReactive",2],{"subject-xiu-qiu-hua":3},{"subject":4,"artworks":13},{"id":5,"slug":6,"name":7,"title":8,"description":9,"coverUrl":10,"showCount":11,"artworkCount":12},1734,"xiu-qiu-hua","绣球花","绣球花画高清赏析","精选中国历代绣球花题材作品，欣赏传统绘画中的笔墨与意境。","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fdf2da67f6346e122c20fe744838156c4.jpg",0,11,[14,41,59,78,92,107,119,129,142,151,164],{"id":15,"slug":16,"title":17,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":22,"thumbUrl":34,"material":35,"size":36,"collection":35,"collections":37,"showCount":38,"zanCount":39,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":40},233896,"hua-hui-ce-yun-shou-ping-233896","花卉册","清","恽寿平","藏地不详","恽寿平（1633-1690年），初名格，后以字行，又字正叔，别号南田，一号白云外史、云溪外史、东园客、巢枫客、草衣生、横山樵者。江苏武进人。清代著名画家。与“四王”、吴历并称“清初六大家”。其父恽日初诗文杰出，为“复社”中人。叔父恽向（道生）为著名山水画家，自创一派。恽寿平是清朝初期最享盛名的花鸟画家。其画作多写生，人称“写生正派”；更以徐崇嗣为宗，兼取各家之长，极大的发展了没骨画。所画花卉，很少勾勒，以水墨着色渲染，用笔含蓄，画法工整，明丽简洁，天趣盎然。恽寿平不仅画作出众，风格独具，而且兼工诗书，题句清丽流畅，诗格脱俗超逸，为“昆陵六逸”之冠。恽南田《山水花卉册》八帧，其中包括山水，花鸟及情景兼容的人物，攘括了恽南田所有的画种。画中有退耕堂藏印。退耕堂为徐世昌的室名。\n恽寿平一生坎坷，饱经困苦，他幼年聪颖玲利，遭遇战乱，与兄皆被俘，与父亲失散，后遇灵隐寺方丈相救，才得以与家人团聚，归家后，发奋读书学画。经刻苦钻研，于古文、诗词、书画无不精擅。他崇尚气节，誓不应科举，少时的忧患，留下深深的创痛，一生未尝忘情。却在绘画上取得了很高的成就；恽南田曾致书王（翚）说：“格于山水，终难打破一字关，曰‘窘’，良由为古人规矩法度所束缚耳。”又说：“君独步矣！吾不为第二手也”。于是恽寿平转攻花鸟，以后山水不过偶而为之。可见其艺术抱负。《山水花卉册》中的山水，取黄公望笔法，于荒率中见秀润，尖毫勾皴，浓墨点树、高旷清淡，浸润宋元诸家，吸取王蒙、二米等人之长，渐脱刻极。40岁左右作品最为精采，如43岁的《山水花鸟册》，技法灵活多变，表达各家风貌准确，艺术已臻成熟。他的花鸟画成就最为突出，取法徐崇嗣的没骨法，他的没骨花卉，揉合了黄（筌）、徐（熙）两派技法，既重视写生，力求形似，“每画一花，必折是花插之瓶中，极力描摹，得其生香活色而后已。”又强调“与花传神”。力去华靡，追求“ 澹雅”。此册中的花鸟更是形神兼备，清新淡雅，具有新的风貌。",[23,24,25,26,27,28,29,7,30,31,32,33],"国画","书画","名画","册","设色","没骨","花鸟","叶","印章","书法","行书","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F1de138b415462f9c2198e7b482bf75a8.jpg","","纵32.5厘米，横25.5厘米",[],340,5,"BDBDBD",{"id":42,"slug":43,"title":44,"dynasty":45,"author":46,"museum":47,"description":48,"tags":49,"thumbUrl":54,"material":55,"size":56,"collection":35,"collections":57,"showCount":58,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":40},222563,"hua-hui-tu-2-chen-chun-222563","花卉图2","明","陈淳","美国波士顿博物馆","此图册是陈淳晚年作品。卷尾自题“嘉靖庚子，余游玉山，过周氏六观草堂。主人出此册，具丹粉，欲图杂卉。留连累月，不觉盈帙，见者亦且以草本视之可也。道复志”。按照其生卒年推算， “嘉靖庚子” 陈淳应为58岁，此作亦为其是画风成熟之作。从其题跋可以得知陈淳游历数月，画作颇丰，认为此作为“草本”，可见其自觉并无刻意求工，描写大略而已。\n卷尾文彭题曰：“赵昌王友已无伦，更学徐熙更逼真。意到不论颜色似，笔端原有四时春。阅白阳杂花漫题。文彭。”充分体现了吴门花鸟画的文人雅趣，“意到不论颜色似”概括了文人写意的特征，而“漫题”也体现了题咏者的状态，反映出文人书画家的共同气质特点与审美追求。\n文人王穉登的题跋则突出了对陈淳花卉写生推崇与称赞。“写生贵在约略点染，天真烂如。不当以分葩计蕊为似，重丹叠翠为工。观此册陈道复先生所作，粉墨萧闲，意象自足，所谓千金骏骨，识者求之牝牡骊黄之外可也。”此段题跋强调了陈淳花卉写生最主要的特点，即约略点染，不求工细，而意象自足。\n卷尾的金农长跋也对陈淳“行笔绝无时蹊，设色亦未敷采炫目，画以意似而非以形似也”的风格进行梳理，论述了写意书写的源流。但这段题跋存在一些问题。其一，通篇书体较为拘谨，特别是每行末字，刻意缩减对齐，非常局促。其二，“后世临写纷纷，徒劳豪楮”中“豪”应为“毫”之误。此出自大文人之手，有些牵强。其三，“此册九叶，花草凡七，间以山水两帧。”所述并非此册，极有可能是将他处题跋移接此处所致。所以这段金农题字不足以为据，至于真伪原由的评断，是另外的话题。本文主要论及陈淳花卉写生的艺术特点，就不将此段金农的论述作为讨论的依据了。\n变化生动自然，是陈淳花卉写生的代表作。如果将此册置于陈淳传世花鸟画作品中做一纵向比对，可以发现其共性的特征集中体现在这件作品中，同时，这件作品还有一些不同于其他作品的独到之处，都统一在率意自足的书写风格之中。所以这件陈淳绘画风格成熟期的作品，总体来看，体现了陈淳如下几个方面的鲜明的艺术特点。",[50,25,23,24,29,51,27,52,53,7],"高清","写意","花卉","叶子","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F8b58c1f760d5e2ed82b57cd46ef85900.jpg","纸本设色","32.5×57.3厘米",[],49,{"id":60,"slug":61,"title":62,"dynasty":18,"author":63,"museum":20,"description":64,"tags":65,"thumbUrl":72,"material":73,"size":74,"collection":35,"collections":75,"showCount":76,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":77},259439,"ou-he-di-xiu-qiu-shao-yao-hua-wen-zha-dou-yi-ming-259439","藕荷地绣球芍药花纹奓斗","佚名","藕荷色底釉匀净浓郁，莹润饱满，口沿足底饰金提亮，内壁松石蓝釉清润柔和，冷暖撞色烘托出雅致层次。白彩晕染的绣球花繁簇饱满，花瓣肌理柔润鲜活，翠色叶片错落舒展，隐见芍药点缀枝间，更添温婉意趣，一只禽鸟翩然停驻枝桠，为静雅花景添了灵动生机。\n\n整体器形小巧端庄，撇口丰腹线条温婉，彩料妍丽明快，构图疏密得宜，将柔婉花景铺陈于深紫地色之上，尽显雅致秀巧的瓷作审美意趣，是彩瓷小品中的精巧佳构。",[66,67,68,69,29,7,70,71,27],"陶瓷","珐琅器","日用具","奓斗","芍药","飞鸟","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fcecea9af3a98f98ab656a99a6db7ca99.jpg","未知","Xcm*Xcm",[],16,"795548",{"id":79,"slug":80,"title":81,"dynasty":18,"author":63,"museum":20,"description":82,"tags":83,"thumbUrl":88,"material":73,"size":74,"collection":35,"collections":89,"showCount":90,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":91},270500,"yu-shi-xiu-qiu-hua-jing-qia-si-fa-lang-bi-ping-yi-ming-270500","玉石绣球花景掐丝珐琅壁瓶","古文云:“石之美，谓之玉”，中国古代玉器多用于祭祀、佩戴、陪葬等场景。玉石因其细腻的质地和优雅的外观而在历史上享有盛誉。同时，玉器被赋予了“玉树临风”、“温润如玉”等多种品质，成为道德的体现。自古以来，它就有着厚重的文化含蕴。\n玉器在中国文化中起着无法替代的作用，可以说，纵观中国文明史，玉从石器时代一直到现在都发挥着不可忽视的重要的作用。让我们走进历史上玉器的更迭。\n在中国历史长河中，玉原本是以一种装饰品为主要作用。新石器时代中后期后，小玉器地位逐渐被大玉器所取代，大玉器是政治意义的体现。当时古人受中封建等级观念和原始宗教观念的影响，人们将其观念逐渐渗透到玉器中，这时中国玉文化的玉器主流时期正式到来。\n据考古学发现，新石器时代晚期，出土了大量玉琮。在这一时期的玉器，被赋予通灵天地之间神器的作用。它是与天地之神沟通的一种工具，在重大祭祀活动中，玉是作为交流的媒介。这个时代也是玉器神器时代。\n从春秋战国到汉代，玉被视为统治者身份的象征，其中最著名的是和氏璧，秦王愿意用十五座城市进行交换，秦始皇用这块和氏璧铸了御玺。那个时候谁有传国之令，就被视为一国之君的前兆，如同金庸小说中倚天剑屠龙刀的地位一样，可以率统天下。\n根据考古发现，汉代时期的墓葬中出土了金缕玉衣，这是汉代玉器的一个特殊时期，也可以称之为明玉时代，在此期间墓葬中使用了各种玉衣和蝉。汉朝玉器的黄金时代。 这一时期，以唐朝为典型，玉带是唐朝三品及以上的身份象征。这一时期也称为官玉时代，玉带的使用通常为达官贵人。在此期间，玉带越来越追求它的精致。在中国玉文化史上，唐朝是玉器发展一个重要阶段，唐朝国力鼎盛，玉器豪华尊贵是身份的象征，此时的玉器散发雍华大度的浪漫气息。\n唐宋时期，各种玉器出现，明清时期开始流行。这一时期，玉的生态美和工艺美开始结合。在这个时期，玉与人的距离亲近。玉不仅被欣赏和使用，而且人们开始佩戴它。这时，中国玉文化达到了一个顶峰时期，即赏玉玩玉的时期。\n清朝乾隆年间，乾隆皇帝非常喜爱玉，在他执政时期，乾隆命人制作了大禹治水玉山，这座大玉山清宫中最大的玉雕。这一时期，达官贵人都热衷于收藏玉器，全民掀起了藏玉热潮，被称为藏玉时期。\n从20世纪80年代初开始，玉石开始走向经济市场，走向人们的生活任何人都可以参与玉石的加工和收藏。越来越多的人佩戴玉石，各种玉石饰品在市场上流通，经过几千年的发展，玉器终于进入了开放期。\n中国古代玉器历史悠久，绚烂夺目底蕴深厚，在世界文明史和艺术史上首屈一指，辉煌灿烂，熠熠生辉，以上简单梳理了中国玉器的发展历史和演变过程，目的在让我们更加热爱我们的传统玉器文化，增强我们的民族自信心，让我们伟大的中华文化和伟大的工匠精神永远屹立于世界之巅。",[84,85,7,86,52,87],"琺瑯器","玉石","掐丝珐琅","器","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fe554c10857d3c65048345888d6365ecb.jpg",[],15,"37474F",{"id":93,"slug":94,"title":95,"dynasty":18,"author":63,"museum":20,"description":96,"tags":97,"thumbUrl":103,"material":73,"size":74,"collection":35,"collections":104,"showCount":105,"zanCount":106,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":77},264417,"xue-qing-se-duan-xiu-qian-cai-xiu-qiu-mei-die-wen-chang-yi-liao-yi-ming-264417","雪青色缎绣浅彩绣球梅蝶纹氅衣料","绣法是以绣线横排，故名。如，特点是整齐、均匀，圆润；在绣叶瓣时，在中间分开，运用斜针成倒人字形；也有绣成中间针迹相交叠的形式；也可绣成中间作一钉线的绣法。排绣针法富有变化，刺绣出的花瓣、叶瓣得体逼真，用途较广。",[98,99,100,27,29,101,102,7],"衣帽","布料","刺绣","梅花","蝴蝶","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fa5e61d622869878c0f35f7535d95b418.jpg",[],10,1,{"id":108,"slug":109,"title":110,"dynasty":18,"author":111,"museum":20,"description":112,"tags":113,"thumbUrl":116,"material":73,"size":74,"collection":35,"collections":117,"showCount":118,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":40},238802,"hua-hui-xiao-ce-dong-gao-238802","花卉小册","董诰","董诰（1740年－1818年），字雅伦，号蔗林，浙江省杭州府富阳县（今浙江省杭州市）人，生于顺天府（今北京市），清代大臣、书画家。工部尚书董邦达长子，与其父有“大、小董”之称。\n乾隆二十九年（1764）中举，隔年会试，名列一甲第三，得中探花，乾隆帝将其改为二甲第一，作金殿传胪，形降实升。嘉庆四年（1799），董诰六十岁，以从庶吉士、编修、工部侍郎、军机大臣、东阁大学士等，擢为文华殿大学士（即宰相），首席军机大臣，上书房总师傅，钦赐“紫禁城骑马”。直军机先后四十年。董诰精书法，善绘画，更通晓军事。他五次归还故里，生活简朴，平易近人，从不倨傲，深为邻里称道。董诰卒于嘉庆二十三年（1818），终年七十九岁。\n董诰死后六天，嘉庆帝亲临祭奠，赠太傅，赐谥号文恭，入祀贤良祠。嘉庆亲写哀诗“只有文章传子侄，绝无货币置田庄”，并亲自拨款建立“董公祠”。",[25,23,24,26,27,114,29,52,7,53,115],"工笔","枝干","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F0312e03dcc4f5c546cbc631edc36971a.jpg",[],8,{"id":120,"slug":121,"title":122,"dynasty":18,"author":63,"museum":20,"description":123,"tags":124,"thumbUrl":126,"material":73,"size":74,"collection":35,"collections":127,"showCount":128,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":40},266382,"ming-huang-se-chou-xiu-xiu-qiu-hua-mian-ma-gua-yi-ming-266382","明黄色绸绣绣球花棉马褂","绸缎，泛指丝织物。古时多是有钱人家作为衣物，其颜色光滑亮丽，五彩缤纷。《儿女英雄传》第二回：“大凡到工的官儿们送礼，谁不是缂绣、呢羽、绸缎、皮张，还有玉玩、金器、朝珠、洋表的？” 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