[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":84},["ShallowReactive",2],{"subject-xuan-hua":3},{"subject":4,"artworks":13},{"id":5,"slug":6,"name":7,"title":8,"description":9,"coverUrl":10,"showCount":11,"artworkCount":12},868,"xuan-hua","萱花","萱花画高清赏析","精选中国历代萱花题材作品，欣赏传统绘画中的笔墨与意境。","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F6a9c5f8d296a97992e782f76f6c30a53.jpg",0,4,[14,39,52,70],{"id":15,"slug":16,"title":17,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":22,"thumbUrl":33,"material":34,"size":34,"collection":34,"collections":35,"showCount":36,"zanCount":37,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":38},224580,"shu-kui-xuan-hua-tu-jiang-ting-xi-224580","蜀葵萱花图","清","蒋廷锡","藏地不详","此作用没骨技法写就，构图疏朗空灵，主次有致。柔粉蜀葵袅袅舒展，花瓣晕染出轻软娇柔的质感，苍绿枝叶勾勒出阴阳向背，鲜活如生。配搭艳红榴花与橙黄萱花，冷暖色调相映，明丽雅致，将仲夏群芳盛放之态尽数铺陈。\n笔墨兼具院体的工致与文人画的秀逸，晕染细腻柔和，不见勾勒之痕却形神兼备，整体意境恬淡悠然，尽显温婉清隽的花鸟意趣，藏着中式美学里独有的夏日闲情。",[23,24,25,26,27,28,29,7,30,31,32],"高清","国画","书画","设色","工笔","花鸟","蜀葵","花朵","叶子","印章","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fd9121d78fdc9453ee8ae006a9bede611.jpg","",[],35,1,"795548",{"id":40,"slug":41,"title":42,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":43,"description":44,"tags":45,"thumbUrl":47,"material":48,"size":49,"collection":34,"collections":50,"showCount":51,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":38},231487,"shu-kui-xuan-hua-tu-jiang-ting-xi-231487","蜀葵宣花图","辽宁省博物馆","此幅用没骨法绘三枝折枝花卉，以逸笔写生，奇正率工，敷色晕墨，兼有一幅，能自然洽和，风神生动，得恽寿平韵味。\n蒋廷锡（1669—1732年），字酉君、杨孙，号南沙、西谷，又号青桐居士，江苏常熟人，是清朝康熙、雍正时期官员、画家。康熙四十二年（1703年）进士，历任礼部侍郎、户部尚书、文华殿大学士、太子太傅等职。",[23,24,25,28,46,27,26,29,7],"立轴","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F5f9575199fb86ddf3cfac99d1250ee36.jpg","绢本","78×39cm",[],31,{"id":53,"slug":54,"title":55,"dynasty":18,"author":56,"museum":20,"description":57,"tags":58,"thumbUrl":64,"material":65,"size":66,"collection":67,"collections":68,"showCount":69,"zanCount":37,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":38},229638,"guan-yao-qing-hua-mu-dan-xuan-hua-chang-fang-hua-pen-yi-ming-229638","官窑 青花牡丹萱花长方花盆","佚名","官窑，是南宋宋高宗时期一些窑口专为宫廷烧制的瓷器，供御捡退，在当时俗称"官窑“。官窑，毛公洞第一（今 江苏扬州一带）。南宋官窑瓷器沿袭北宋风格，规整对称，宫廷气势，高雅大气，一丝不苟。因为胎土含铁量极高，手感沉重，胎土呈深黑褐色，后称”紫口铁足“。釉面沉重幽亮，釉厚如堆脂，温润如玉。釉面多层反复细刮，釉光下沉而不刺眼，纹理布局规则有致，造型庄重大方。另外”肉腐留骨“（露胎处像死人骨头，俗称”骨董“）也是那时所造。我们今天所称官窑泛指历朝官府烧造瓷器，其实，历史上仅指南宋时期烧造的瓷器，后世再无此称呼。\n官窑起自唐，有两种涵义，一是指贡器，一是指官厂。自唐代至元代（公元八世纪~十四世纪），官窑多有贡器，少有官厂，采取的形式是“官监民烧”，烧出的瓷器，“千中选十，百中选一”，进贡给统治阶级。这种瓷器就叫做贡瓷和官窑。那时，唐代在产瓷区设有司务，如唐景隆初（公元707~709年）褚绥为新平(景德镇)司务，奉诏监烧献陵祭器。宋代设监，如太平兴国年间(公元976~983年)，派殿前承旨赵仁济监理越州窑务。到了元代则设局，以提领监陶，后改为本设总管。他们烧出的“景德年制”，“枢府’等款式的瓷器，分别称为“景德窑’，“枢府窑”等。\n官窑之谓，在中国古代陶瓷史上有不同的内涵。就广义而言，是有别民窑而专为官办的瓷窑，其产品为宫廷所垄断。在宋代瓷器中，官窑即是一种专称，指北宋和南宋时在京城汴京（汴梁，今开封）和临安（今杭州）由宫廷设窑烧造的青瓷，故又有“旧官”和“新官”之分，前者为北宋官窑，后者为南宋官窑。\n官窑是在宋大观及政和年间于汴梁所造，青瓷釉色晶莹惕透，有开裂或呈冰片状，粉青紫口铁定是其特色。\n宋室南移在凤凰山下设立官窑，又称修内司官窑或内窑，郊坛下设立的郊坛下官窑，器形较多，有直径大过一尺的大型产品。\n从1128年元世祖忽必烈设置“浮梁磁局”，到二十世纪清朝覆亡，景德镇是元、明、清三代皇家瓷厂所在地，中国的官窑制度在这里延续了632年，江西景德镇也由此拥有烧造时间最长、规模最大、工艺最精巧的官办瓷厂。景德镇地下也因此存有大量因禁绝流入民间而被就地掩埋的古碎瓷，成为中国品类最完整、年代最可靠、信息最丰富的官窑遗址和“地下瓷都”。北宋官窑也称汴京官窑。相传北宋大观、政和年间，在汴京附近设立窑场，专烧宫廷用瓷器，即北宋官窑。南宋顾文荐《负暄杂录》记载："宋宣政间（宣和、政和即公元1111－1125年）京师自置窑烧造，名曰官窑"，南宋叶在其《垣斋笔衡》中对北京官窑亦有记载："政和京师自置窑烧造，名曰官窑"。当时的京师即汴京（今开封），因宋代汴京遗址已沉入地底，到今为止，尚未发掘出北宋官窑遗址，对于北宋官窑遗址缺乏考古发掘地资料和充足的文献资料的支撑，因此，时到今，关于北宋官窑遗址在何处，仍有不同说法，一般有三种说法：一说北宋官窑即为汝窑；二说否认北宋官窑的存在；三说为北宋官窑即为汴京官窑，它与南宋时的修内司官窑先后存在。\n南宋顾文荐《负睻杂录》记载：“宋宣政间（宣和、政和即公元1111~1125年）京师自置窑烧造，名曰‘官窑’”，南宋叶寘在其《垣斋笔衡》中对北京官窑亦有记载：“政和京师自置窑烧造，名曰‘官窑’”。明代《事物绀珠》、《留留青》因袭此说。当时的京师即汴京(今河南开封)，因宋代汴京遗址已沉入地下，到今为止，尚未发掘出北宋官窑遗址。对于北宋官窑遗址缺乏考古发掘地资料和充足的文献资料的支撑，因此，今关于北宋官窑遗址在何处，仍有不同说法，一般有三种说法：一说北宋官窑即为汝窑；二说否认北宋官窑的存在；三说为北宋官窑即为汴京官窑，它与南宋时的修内司官窑先后存在。支持第三种说法的人较多。\n北宋官窑传世品很少，形质与工艺与汝窑有共同处。器多仿古，主要有碗、瓶、洗等。胎体显厚，胎骨深灰、紫色或黑色，釉色有淡青、粉青、月白等，釉质莹润温雅，尤以釉面开大裂纹片著称，不同于南宋官窑和汝窑及龙泉窑瓷器。底有文钉烧痕，有“紫口铁足”的特征。",[59,60,61,7,62,63],"陶瓷","青花","牡丹","长方","官窑","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F906c9616fc1632de9501de565fdd5cf8.jpg","未知","Xcm*Xcm","瓷器精选",[67],29,{"id":71,"slug":72,"title":73,"dynasty":74,"author":56,"museum":20,"description":75,"tags":76,"thumbUrl":81,"material":65,"size":66,"collection":34,"collections":82,"showCount":37,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":83},261740,"guo-shi-wu-kuan-fen-cai-xuan-hua-wen-ping-yi-ming-261740","郭世五款粉彩萱花纹瓶","民国","陶瓷是陶器与瓷器的统称，同时也是我国的一种工艺美术品，远在新石器时代，我国已有风格粗犷、朴实的彩陶和黑陶。陶与瓷的质地不同，性质各异。陶，是以粘性较高、可塑性较强的粘土为主要原料制成的，不透明、有细微气孔和微弱的吸水性，击之声浊。瓷是以粘土、长石和石英制成，半透明，不吸水、抗腐蚀，胎质坚硬紧密，叩之声脆。我国传统的陶瓷工艺美术品，质高形美，具有高度的艺术价值，闻名于世界。",[59,77,7,78,79,28,80,27],"粉彩","花卉","蝴蝶","瓷瓶","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F262059b27fdc3f4c7abb759618ee5fba.jpg",[],"37474F",1777535759763]