[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":144},["ShallowReactive",2],{"subject-zhu-zhi-1692":3},{"subject":4,"artworks":13},{"id":5,"slug":6,"name":7,"title":8,"description":9,"coverUrl":10,"showCount":11,"artworkCount":12},1692,"zhu-zhi-1692","竹枝","竹枝画高清赏析","精选中国历代竹枝题材作品，欣赏传统绘画中的笔墨与意境。","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fea89b94906af67b7d32e40881ccced20.jpg",0,6,[14,40,67,89,118,131],{"id":15,"slug":16,"title":17,"dynasty":18,"author":19,"museum":20,"description":21,"tags":22,"thumbUrl":34,"material":35,"size":35,"collection":35,"collections":36,"showCount":37,"zanCount":38,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":39},227498,"mo-zhu-juan-2-su-shi-227498","墨竹卷2","宋","苏轼","藏地不详","墨竹，即用墨画的竹子，其起源说法不一，据文献记载，其创始人有唐代吴道子、王维、张立、五代蜀李夫人等。\n\n不过，由考古发掘来看，李贤墓壁画《侍女与竹》中的墨竹，亦有可能是写意墨竹的先驱。自文同、苏轼至元四家，墨竹之风兴起，逐渐发展为独立画科。\n\n墨竹常被用来表达拔俗之情趣、正直之气节、虚心之品质和纯洁之思想，文同便是如此，他不仅有丰厚之学养，还有非凡的绘画创作才能。本文所提到的《文画苏题卷》为手卷形式，据直幅改装而成，与人们常见的文同立轴式墨竹图形制不一。正因这次有意无意的改装，为《文画苏题卷》成为一巨幅长卷，提供了得天独厚的条件，这也成为此图区别于文同其它墨竹图的最明显特征。",[23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,7,32,33],"国画","名画","书画","水墨","墨笔","文人画","写意","竹子","孤石","竹叶","绢本","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Feaf98af604cad8076b0774dbcc54a8ab.jpg","",[],53,1,"795548",{"id":41,"slug":42,"title":43,"dynasty":44,"author":45,"museum":46,"description":47,"tags":48,"thumbUrl":61,"material":62,"size":63,"collection":64,"collections":65,"showCount":66,"zanCount":38,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":39},218957,"xue-jing-lu-yan-tu-dou-chi-dao-ren-218957","雪景芦雁图","清","都痴道人","私人收藏","寒江雪岸，双雁栖于坡间。一雁昂首引颈，似望垂枝冰棱；一雁敛翅低首，若思冬日闲情。岸边枯草丛生，竹枝覆雪，柳丝悬冰，凝住凛冬气息。雁羽勾勒细腻，墨色浓淡相衬，绒羽质感毕现；雪地以淡墨晕染，留白见意，坡岸起伏自然。冰棱线条劲挺，柳枝疏朗，与双雁的生动形成呼应。画面虽寒，双雁相依却含暖意，于萧瑟中藏生机。笔墨兼具工致与写意，工笔绘雁之形神，写意写雪之空灵，意境清寂而不失温情，尽显冬日禽鸟之态与自然之趣。",[49,23,25,50,26,51,29,52,53,54,55,7,56,57,58,59,60],"高清","花鸟画","工笔","雪景","雁","枯柳","冰棱","枯草","雪坡","清寂","温情","生机","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Fb37d6f5402bf65e673703469de4723fd.jpg","绢本,设色","135x74cm","花鸟画精选",[64],44,{"id":68,"slug":69,"title":70,"dynasty":44,"author":71,"museum":20,"description":72,"tags":73,"thumbUrl":84,"material":85,"size":86,"collection":35,"collections":87,"showCount":88,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":39},288230,"hua-niao-tu-yi-ming-288230","花鸟图","佚名","整卷铺陈四时清景，以没骨晕染花卉，工细勾勒禽鸟神形。左首老梅虬枝缀雪，群雀顾盼生姿，竹影横斜衬出幽寂；继而牡丹柔瓣含露，艳而不俗，荆棘穿插添就野趣；再见异花绮丽，红白相映，顽石苔痕自生古意；末了春桃绽蕊，幽禽独立枝梢，静中含动。\n\n题跋书法与绘事相映，笔墨晕染春日清和雅韵，将花木禽鸟的生机雅致融于长卷，尽显写生传神的悠然意趣，是雅致清妍的花鸟佳作。",[49,23,25,74,51,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,7,82,83],"长卷","设色","花鸟","禽鸟","梅花","牡丹","桃花","花卉","怪石","行书","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002Ffe1fed4095a95d1cd12f57590df46b43.jpg","未知","Xcm*Xcm",[],18,{"id":90,"slug":91,"title":92,"dynasty":93,"author":94,"museum":95,"description":96,"tags":97,"thumbUrl":112,"material":113,"size":114,"collection":35,"collections":115,"showCount":116,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":117},236484,"shan-shui-ren-wu-ce-guo-fen-ya-236484","山水人物册","明","郭汾涯","北京故宫博物院","郭汾涯（约公元15世纪），明初时人，生卒年不详。能诗，善画山水、人物，宗唐、宋人画法，取马远、夏圭笔意。关于其生平，画史记载甚少，现只能从仅有的几幅传世作品，以及明初时的画风嬗变，来了解这位画家。\n此套《山水人物册》，每页自题七言诗一首，落款“汾涯”。册页中人物形神刻画生动，线条挺劲酣畅；山水以斧劈皴随意勾写，笔力遒劲；画树出枝峭拔、点叶爽辣，得南宋山水画遗风。\n明代初期画院复兴，提倡以古硬、雄厚、峻峭的风格来振作笔墨精神。在元朝被压制了多年的李、刘、马、夏画风，此时又开始活跃起来。宫廷内外，宗法者甚多。画风变南宋苍劲荒率为浑壮雄厚。画家们将贵族艺术引入民间，注重功力又不死守法度，变精严为放逸，顺应通俗艺术发展的时代潮流。这股势力影响范围广大，成为明代初期画坛实力最雄厚的画派——浙派。\n从这套册页中看，郭汾涯也是身处这股巨浪之中，但从画面中依然能体会到画家自觉与主动的一面，笔墨并非一味地追求粗放与草率，而是劲拔精简，笔下流露出画家掩饰不住的率真天性。画面还成功地将自然环境和人物活动富有情趣地结合在一起，给观者以强烈的艺术感染力。",[23,26,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,7,107,108,109,110,111],"册","山水","人物","蓑笠","竹","渔乐","水墨技法","山水景物","人物形象","渔翁形象","山石","水墨渲染","写意风格","草木","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F8699a4db2300ad1453fbef0d16cbce1b.jpg","纸本","纵38.8厘米，横60.4厘米",[],4,"BDBDBD",{"id":119,"slug":120,"title":121,"dynasty":44,"author":71,"museum":20,"description":122,"tags":123,"thumbUrl":128,"material":85,"size":86,"collection":35,"collections":129,"showCount":38,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":130},250385,"bai-yu-xian-zhu-zhi-shuang-niao-yi-ming-250385","白玉衔竹枝双鸟","古文云:“石之美，谓之玉”，中国古代玉器多用于祭祀、佩戴、陪葬等场景。玉石因其细腻的质地和优雅的外观而在历史上享有盛誉。同时，玉器被赋予了“玉树临风”、“温润如玉”等多种品质，成为道德的体现。自古以来，它就有着厚重的文化含蕴。\n玉器在中国文化中起着无法替代的作用，可以说，纵观中国文明史，玉从石器时代一直到现在都发挥着不可忽视的重要的作用。让我们走进历史上玉器的更迭。\n在中国历史长河中，玉原本是以一种装饰品为主要作用。新石器时代中后期后，小玉器地位逐渐被大玉器所取代，大玉器是政治意义的体现。当时古人受中封建等级观念和原始宗教观念的影响，人们将其观念逐渐渗透到玉器中，这时中国玉文化的玉器主流时期正式到来。\n据考古学发现，新石器时代晚期，出土了大量玉琮。在这一时期的玉器，被赋予通灵天地之间神器的作用。它是与天地之神沟通的一种工具，在重大祭祀活动中，玉是作为交流的媒介。这个时代也是玉器神器时代。\n从春秋战国到汉代，玉被视为统治者身份的象征，其中最著名的是和氏璧，秦王愿意用十五座城市进行交换，秦始皇用这块和氏璧铸了御玺。那个时候谁有传国之令，就被视为一国之君的前兆，如同金庸小说中倚天剑屠龙刀的地位一样，可以率统天下。\n根据考古发现，汉代时期的墓葬中出土了金缕玉衣，这是汉代玉器的一个特殊时期，也可以称之为明玉时代，在此期间墓葬中使用了各种玉衣和蝉。汉朝玉器的黄金时代。\n以唐朝为典型，玉带是唐朝三品及以上的身份象征。这一时期也称为官玉时代，玉带的使用通常为达官贵人。在此期间，玉带越来越追求它的精致。在中国玉文化史上，唐朝是玉器发展一个重要阶段，唐朝国力鼎盛，玉器豪华尊贵是身份的象征，此时的玉器散发雍华大度的浪漫气息。\n唐宋时期，各种玉器出现，明清时期开始流行。这一时期，玉的生态美和工艺美开始结合。在这个时期，玉与人的距离亲近。玉不仅被欣赏和使用，而且人们开始佩戴它。这时，中国玉文化达到了一个顶峰时期，即赏玉玩玉的时期。\n清朝乾隆年间，乾隆皇帝非常喜爱玉，在他执政时期，乾隆命人制作了大禹治水玉山，这座大玉山清宫中最大的玉雕。这一时期，达官贵人都热衷于收藏玉器，全民掀起了藏玉热潮，被称为藏玉时期。\n从20世纪80年代初开始，玉石开始走向经济市场，走向人们的生活任何人都可以参与玉石的加工和收藏。越来越多的人佩戴玉石，各种玉石饰品在市场上流通，经过几千年的发展，玉器终于进入了开放期。\n玉器经历7000多年的发展，从简单的装饰品发展到古代宗教祭拜、礼仪用品，再到象征高尚道德品质的装饰品，最后上升为丰富的艺术鉴赏作品，深入反映了不同历史时期的社会发展演变过程。",[124,125,126,127,7],"清代","玉石","雕刻","双鸟","https:\u002F\u002Foss.chuangqi.store\u002Fthumbweb\u002F3d8dbd66b97292ff69ae1a801a58cf6d.jpg",[],"37474F",{"id":132,"slug":133,"title":134,"dynasty":44,"author":71,"museum":20,"description":135,"tags":136,"thumbUrl":141,"material":85,"size":86,"collection":35,"collections":142,"showCount":11,"zanCount":11,"manualWeight":11,"mainColor":143},266223,"ming-huang-se-jiang-chou-xiu-san-lan-zhu-zhi-wen-jia-chang-yi-yi-ming-266223","明黄色江绸绣三蓝竹枝纹夹氅衣","清王朝时段推行剃发易服，顺治九年（1652），钦定《服色肩舆条例》颁行，从此废除了明朝的冠冕、礼服以及汉族的一切服饰，但满族服饰同时吸收了明朝服饰的纹理图案。明代男子一律蓄发挽髻，着宽松衣，穿长统袜、浅面鞋；清时则剃发留辫，辫垂脑后，穿瘦削的马蹄袖箭衣、紧袜、深统靴。但官民服饰一律泾渭分明。 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